外傷後肘関節拘縮に対するストレッチ介入の効果の検討:システマティックレビュー
Georgina Wistow1, Meredith Newman1, Erin Hannink1
1Physiotherapy Research Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
JSES international
|January 26, 2026
まとめ
ホールドリラックス法を含む臨床的ストレッチは、早期の外傷後肘関節拘縮に有望である。装具は持続例に役立つ可能性があるが、エビデンスは弱く、有害事象が多い。
背景:
- 外傷後肘関節拘縮は、肘関節の損傷に続発する一般的で衰弱させる合併症であり、上肢機能を著しく損なう。
- 理学療法の管理に関する確立されたガイドラインは限られており、エビデンスに基づいた介入の重要な必要性が強調されている。
- 外傷後の肘関節可動域と機能の改善は、肘関節の状態の研究における主要な優先事項である。
研究 の 目的:
- 外傷後肘関節拘縮に対する臨床的ストレッチ介入の効果に関するエビデンスを系統的にレビューし、統合すること。
- 肘関節可動域と機能の改善における徒手療法(ホールドリラックス法)と装具療法の有効性を比較すること。
主な方法:
- 2024年7月まで、5つのデータベースを対象に系統的な文献検索を実施し、臨床的ストレッチ介入を受けている外傷後肘関節拘縮の成人を対象とした研究を含めた。
- 適格な研究は2名のレビュー担当者によってスクリーニングされ、エビデンスの質はCochrane Risk of BiasおよびJoanna Briggs Instituteツールを使用して評価された。
- 肘関節可動域、機能、および疼痛に関するデータが抽出され、メタアナリシスを妨げる異質性のため、物語的に合成された。
主要な成果:
- ホールドリラックス法と装具介入を評価した9件の研究(参加者312名)が含まれた。ホールドリラックス法(早期拘縮の場合)と装具(持続拘縮の場合)の両方で、肘関節可動域の臨床的に有意な改善が認められた。装具介入は、手技による介入と比較して、有害事象の発生率が高かった。
結論:
- ホールドリラックス法は、早期の外傷後肘関節拘縮の管理に可能性を示している。
- 装具は持続的な肘関節拘縮に考慮されるかもしれないが、エビデンスはそれほど堅固ではなく、合併症のリスクが高い。
- 外傷後肘関節拘縮に対する最適な治療戦略を確認し、決定するためには、より大規模な多施設共同研究が必要である。
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