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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

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免疫チェックポイント阻害薬(ICI)後のサルベージ全身療法:実臨床研究
Santiago Cabezas-Camarero1,2, Salomé Merino-Menéndez3, María Nieves Cabrera-Martín4
1Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Frontiers in oncology
|January 26, 2026
まとめ
再発・転移性頭頸部扁平上皮癌(SCCHN)において、免疫チェックポイント阻害薬(ICI)後のセツキシマブベースのレジメンを用いたサルベージ化学療法は、有望な奏効率と生存期間の改善を示しました。このアプローチは、ICI進行後の実行可能な治療選択肢となります。
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 頭頸部癌
- 免疫療法
背景:
- 免疫チェックポイント阻害薬(ICI)進行後の再発・転移性頭頸部扁平上皮癌(SCCHN)に対する標準治療は存在しません。
- ICI後のサルベージ化学療法(SCAI)は、過去のデータよりも優れた効果を示す可能性があります。
- セツキシマブベースのSCAIの結果を実臨床設定で評価しました。
研究 の 目的:
- 再発・転移性頭頸部扁平上皮癌(SCCHN)患者において、免疫チェックポイント阻害薬(ICI)後のセツキシマブベースのサルベージ化学療法(SCAI)の有効性と安全性を評価すること。
- ICI前の最後の化学療法(LCBI)の結果と比較すること。
- セツキシマブベースのSCAIに関連する治療曝露と有害事象を評価すること。
主な方法:
- R/M SCCHN患者80例の後ろ向き解析。
- 客観的奏効率(ORR)、奏効期間(DoR)、標的病変の最大変化率(PCTL)、無増悪生存期間(PFS)、全生存期間(OS)の評価。
- 有害事象(AE)を有害事象共通用語基準(CTCAE)5.0を用いて評価した。
主要な成果:
- 一次SCAIは、59%のORR、9.4ヶ月の中央値DoR、5.9ヶ月の中央値PFS、12.4ヶ月の中央値OSを示しました。
- セツキシマブベースの治療曝露(256日)は、ICI曝露(168.5日)よりも有意に長かったです。
- LCBI(ORR 36%、PFS 8ヶ月)と比較して、SCAIはより高いORR(47%)を示しましたが、PFSは短かったです(4.4ヶ月)。
結論:
- ICI後のセツキシマブベースのSCAIは、過去のデータと比較して、高く、持続的で、顕著な奏効率を示し、生存期間を改善しました。
- SCAIは、再シーケンスされた患者において中程度の有効性を示しました。
- より大規模な前向き研究でのさらなる確認が必要です。
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