高熱フォールアウトにおけるプルトニウムの痕跡は、チェルノブイリ原子力ジェット仮説を支持する
Malcolm J Joyce1, Colin Boxall1, Marcus Christl2
1School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW UK.
Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry
|January 26, 2026
まとめ
北イングランドの土壌におけるプルトニウム239(Pu-239)の同位体比は、高温での核爆発による形成を示唆しています。低温の化学爆発は他のプルトニウム同位体を説明し、フォールアウトの二重イベント仮説を支持しています。
科学分野:
- 環境科学; 核化学; 放射化学
背景:
- 環境サンプル中のプルトニウム同位体比(Pu-240/Pu-239)は、放射性核種放出の起源と条件に関する洞察を提供します。プルトニウムのスペシエーション(高熱性対揮発性)を理解することは、さまざまな種類の核イベントを区別することができます。
研究 の 目的:
- 北イングランドの土壌中のプルトニウム同位体比を分析すること。プルトニウムフォールアウトの核爆発起源と化学爆発起源を区別すること。プルトニウム成分の形成温度を調査すること。
主な方法:
- 土壌サンプル中の高熱性および揮発性プルトニウム成分の測定。質量分析法を用いたプルトニウムの同位体分析。測定されたPu-240/Pu-239比と世界平均およびチェルノブイリフォールアウトデータの比較。
主要な成果:
- 高熱プルトニウムのPu-240/Pu-239比(0.390 ± 0.006)は、世界平均よりも高く、チェルノブイリのフォールアウトおよび3000°Cを超える形成温度と一致しており、核駆動爆発を示唆しています。揮発性プルトニウムのPu-240/Pu-239比(0.181 ± 0.002)は、世界平均と一致しており、化学爆発と火災による低温形成を示唆しています。観測されたPu-239核分裂および捕獲断面積の増強は、S波共鳴仮説を支持します。
結論:
- 本研究は、高温の核爆発とそれに続く低温の化学爆発による、二重イベントのプルトニウム放出仮説を支持します。高熱プルトニウム成分は、核駆動爆発による大気中への放出を示唆します。揮発性プルトニウム成分は、チェルノブイリ事象に関連する可能性のある化学爆発と火災中の形成を示唆します。
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