足垂れに対する遠位神経移植:系統的レビューとメタアナリシス
J Terrence Jose Jerome1,2, G Surendran3, Thirumagal Kuppusamy2
1Department of Orthopedics, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Microsurgery
|January 27, 2026
まとめ
足垂れに対する遠位神経移植(DNT)は、患者の約半数で背屈を回復させることができ、3分の1はほぼ正常な筋力を達成します。早期手術と健康な前部区画は予後を改善します。
科学分野:
- 脳神経外科
- 整形外科
- 再建外科
背景:
- 総腓骨神経麻痺は足垂れを引き起こし、歩行障害や機能障害につながります。
- 腱移植は一般的な治療法ですが、自然な生体力学を変化させます。
- 遠位神経移植(DNT)は、背屈筋を再神経支配し、生理的機能を回復させるための代替手段を提供する可能性があります。
研究 の 目的:
- 足垂れに対するDNTの臨床的予後を系統的にレビューし、メタアナリシスを行うこと。
- DNTの成功に影響を与える予後的および技術的要因を特定すること。
- 足垂れに対する現在の再建手術の意思決定に情報を提供すること。
主な方法:
- PRISMAガイドラインに従った系統的レビューとメタアナリシス。
- DNTから総腓骨神経(DPN)への研究を対象にMEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochraneデータベースを検索しました。
- ランダム効果メタアナリシスを使用して、MRCグレード3以上および4以上の背屈を達成した患者の集団割合を推定しました。
主要な成果:
- 10件の研究(120人の参加者)が含まれ、7件の臨床シリーズ(101人の参加者)から抽出可能なデータが得られました。
- MRCスコア3以上の背屈を達成した集団の割合は57%(95%CI 0.41-0.72)でした。
- MRCスコア4以上の背屈を達成した集団の割合は33%(95%CI 0.12-0.58)でした。ドナー部位の合併症は低かったです。
結論:
- DNTは、選択された患者の約50%で抗重力背屈を回復させ、33%がほぼ正常な筋力を達成します。
- 最適な結果は、早期手術(12ヶ月以内)および生存可能な前部区画に関連しています。
- 腱移植は依然として実行可能な選択肢であり、複雑なケースではDNTと組み合わせることができます。
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