腫瘍内微生物と腫瘍免疫のクロストーク:腫瘍治療への示唆
Fengxue Li1, Lili Qiao2, Xinquan Liang3
1Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Cancer medicine
|January 27, 2026
まとめ
腫瘍内微生物叢(ITM)は、腫瘍免疫微小環境(TIME)において、がんの進行と治療反応に影響を与える。ITMの理解は、
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
背景:
- 腫瘍内および免疫細胞内に微生物が存在し、これらを総称して腫瘍内微生物叢(ITM)と呼ぶという新たな証拠が明らかになっている。
- ITMは腫瘍免疫微小環境(TIME)に大きく影響し、腫瘍の進行と治療転帰に影響を与える。
研究 の 目的:
- 腫瘍内細菌と真菌の分布と機能に関するレビューを行う。
- ITMとTIMEの相関関係を探る。
- がん治療のためのITMベースの治療戦略に関する洞察を提供する。
主な方法:
- PubMedで包括的な文献検索を実施した。
- 検索語には、ITM、がん、TIME、および治療的応用に関する様々な側面が含まれた。
- ITMの分布、メカニズム、および治療的可能性に関する研究について文献をスクリーニングした。
主要な成果:
- 細菌と真菌は腫瘍内で多様な分布を示し、免疫応答の調節やシグナル伝達経路への関与などのメカニズムを通じて、腫瘍促進的または腫瘍抑制的な効果を発揮する。
- ITMは、化学療法、放射線療法、免疫療法の有効性に影響を与える。
- 一部の微生物ベースの治療法は臨床応用されているが、因果関係を確立し、精密な調節を可能にするためには、さらなる研究が必要である。
結論:
- 腫瘍内微生物叢は、がん免疫療法の強化のための有望な標的である。
- 将来の研究では、腫瘍内科における臨床応用を可能にするために、因果関係の確立とITMの精密な調節を優先すべきである。
関連する概念動画
Tumor Immunotherapy
1.9K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.9K
Tumor Progression
7.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.4K
The Tumor Microenvironment
7.8K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.8K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
6.0K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
6.0K
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
6.0K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
6.0K
What is the Immune System?
127.5K
Overview
127.5K


