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血栓症:壊死性抗リン脂質抗体症候群の挑戦的な症例
Ana Filipa Silva1, Mari Mesquita1, Joana Gomes1
1Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, PRT.
Cureus
|January 27, 2026
まとめ
シェーグレン症候群の患者が、広範な臓器障害を引き起こす稀な疾患である壊死性抗リン脂質抗体症候群(CAPS)を発症しました。この重篤な血栓性イベントの管理には、早期診断と治療が不可欠です。
科学分野:
- リウマチ学
- 内部医学
- クリティカルケア
背景:
- 脳血管疾患および原発性シェーグレン症候群は、血栓性イベントの既知のリスク因子である。
- 抗リン脂質抗体症候群(APS)は、再発性血栓を伴う自己免疫疾患である。
- 壊死性抗リン脂質抗体症候群(CAPS)は、急速かつ広範な臓器虚血を特徴とする生命を脅かすバリアントである。
研究 の 目的:
- 抗リン脂質抗体症候群が疑われた患者における壊死性抗リン脂質抗体症候群の臨床例を提示すること。
- 自己免疫疾患の併存疾患を持つ患者におけるCAPSの診断上の課題と臨床的特徴を強調すること。
- CAPSの早期認識と管理の重要性を強調すること。
主な方法:
- 脳血管疾患および原発性シェーグレン症候群の既往歴を持つ68歳女性の症例報告。
- 急性下痢、発熱、およびその後の腹痛、筋性防御、発熱、嘔吐の発症の臨床観察。
- 炎症マーカーおよびクレアチンキナーゼレベルを含む臨床検査。
- 多臓器虚血の評価のための腹部骨盤部コンピューター断層撮影(CT)スキャン。
主要な成果:
- 急性下痢と発熱に対してシプロフロキサシンによる初期治療で改善が見られた。
- 腹膜炎の兆候、炎症マーカーの上昇、横紋筋融解症を伴う悪化が見られた。
- CTスキャンで多臓器虚血が明らかになり、壊死性抗リン脂質抗体症候群(CAPS)が疑われた。
結論:
- 壊死性抗リン脂質抗体症候群(CAPS)は、シェーグレン症候群のような潜在的な自己免疫疾患を持つ患者に急性に発症することがある。
- CT画像における多臓器虚血は、CAPSを示唆する重要な所見である。
- CAPSにおける予後改善のためには、迅速な診断と積極的な管理が不可欠である。
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