BRCA1/2病的バリアント(PV)保因者における卵巣がんリスク低減手術に関する意思決定:多様な集団からの視点
Luiza Perez1, Amita Kulkarni1, Laura Keenahan1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
まとめ
BRCA1/2病的バリアント(PV)に関するリスク低減手術の決定は、手術による閉経、妊よう性、がんの既往歴の影響を受けます。文化的に配慮した患者中心のケアには、多様な患者の視点が不可欠です。
科学分野:
- 婦人科腫瘍学; がん遺伝学; 患者中心のケア
背景:
- BRCA1/2病的バリアント(PV)は卵巣がんのリスクを高め、卵管卵巣摘出術などのリスク低減手術が必要となります。これらの手術に対する患者の選好に関する現在の文献は、主に白人集団を反映しており、一般化には限界があります。多様な患者の意思決定を理解することは、公平ながんリスク管理に不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- BRCA1/2 PV保因者の人種・民族的に多様なコホートにおける卵巣がんリスク低減手術の意思決定要因を検討すること。腫瘍学的転帰を超えた患者中心の考慮事項を特定すること。
主な方法:
- BRCA1/2 PVを持つ患者15名に半構造化面接を実施しました。面接は録音、文字起こしされ、2名の独立したコーダーによって帰納的アプローチを用いて分析されました。
主要な成果:
- 参加者(中央値年齢41歳)は、人種・民族的に多様な背景を持ち、10名がヒスパニック、ブラック、またはアジア系と認識されていました。主な意思決定要因には、手術による閉経への懸念、妊よう性、腫瘍学的安全性、乳がんの既往歴、性的機能、精神的健康が含まれていました。10名の参加者がリスク低減手術(卵管卵巣摘出術7件、卵管摘出術3件)を受けていました。
結論:
- BRCA1/2 PV保因者におけるリスク低減婦人科手術の意思決定は多因子であり、個人の価値観や懸念に影響されます。この洞察は、臨床医が多様な集団に対して文化的に配慮した患者中心のケアを提供する上で役立ちます。患者の優先事項に対処することで、がんリスク管理におけるアドヒアランスと転帰を改善できます。
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