咬合異常感覚(ファントムバイト症候群):スコープレビュー
Ivica Pelivan1, Sven Gojsović2, Samir Čimić1
1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva ulica 5, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Dentistry journal
|January 27, 2026
まとめ
咬合異常感覚(OD)、またはファントムバイト症候群は、中年女性に影響を及ぼし、咬合の問題ではなく、感覚処理の問題に起因します。管理は、不可逆的な歯科治療を避け、保存的かつ学際的に行うべきです。
科学分野:
- 歯学
- 神経学
- 精神医学
背景:
- 咬合異常感覚(OD)、またはファントムバイト症候群は、客観的な歯科的問題がないにもかかわらず、不適切な咬合の主観的な感覚を特徴とする状態です。主に中年女性に影響を及ぼし、長年持続することがあり、単純な咬合病理を超えた複雑な根本原因を示唆しています。
研究 の 目的:
- ODの疫学、病因、臨床的特徴、診断、および管理に関する現在のエビデンスを統合するためのスコープレビューを実施すること。文献のギャップを特定し、質の高い研究の必要性を強調すること。
主な方法:
- 複数のデータベース(PubMed、Google Scholar、Scopus、Web of Science、ScienceDirect、Cochrane Library)を対象とした体系的な文献検索。キーワードには、「phantom bite」、「occlusal dysesthesia」、「occlusal hyperawareness」、「occlusal hypervigilance」、「uncomfortable occlusion」、「oral cenestopathy」が含まれていました。PRISMA(2020)およびOxford CEBMエビデンスレベルを使用したスクリーニングと質評価。
主要な成果:
- 20の研究が対象となり、主に長年の症状を持つ中年女性が対象でした。ODは、精神科的併存疾患をしばしば併発する中枢性の感覚または信号処理障害が原因である可能性が高いです。教育、CBT、薬物療法などの保存的かつ学際的な管理が推奨され、不可逆的な歯科治療は禁忌です。
結論:
- 咬合異常感覚は、学際的なケアを必要とする複雑な生物心理社会的な状態です。現在のエビデンスは、主に症例報告および症例シリーズからのものであり、質が低いものです。エビデンスに基づいた診断基準と治療プロトコルを確立するには、質の高い対照試験が不可欠です。
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