胸部X線画像分類における深層学習モデルの汎化性能を向上させる適応正規化
Jatsada Singthongchai1, Tanachapong Wangkhamhan1
1Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin 46000, Thailand.
Journal of imaging
|January 27, 2026
まとめ
適応前処理パイプラインは、データセット全体で胸部X線分類の精度と安定性を向上させました。ヒストグラム標準化は、計算コストが最小限で実用的な利点を提供する鍵でした。
科学分野:
- 医用画像処理;コンピュータビジョン;機械学習
背景:
- 胸部X線(CXR)画像解析は、正確な分類のために画像前処理に大きく依存しています。;標準的な正規化技術は、CXRコントラストと取得のばらつきを最適に処理できない場合があります。;信頼性の高いAI医療診断のためには、堅牢な前処理手法の開発が不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- CXR分類における標準的な手法に対する適応前処理のベンチマーク。;モデル性能に対するヒストグラム標準化とROIクロッピングの影響の評価。;適応パイプラインの計算効率と統計的有意性の評価。
主な方法:
- 最小最大スケーリング、Zスコア正規化、および適応パイプライン(ROIクロッピング+ヒストグラム標準化)の制御されたベンチマーク。;4つの公開CXRデータセットと3つの畳み込みニューラルネットワークアーキテクチャにわたる評価。;Friedman-NemenyiおよびWilcoxon符号順位検定を使用した統計分析。
主要な成果:
- 適応パイプラインは、特にコントラストが安定したデータセットにおいて、精度とF1スコアを一般的に向上させました。;ヒストグラム標準化が性能向上の主な要因であり、ROIクロッピングは補完的な利点を提供しました。;最小限の計算オーバーヘッドが観察されました(+6.3%のトレーニング時間、5.2 ms/バッチ)。
結論:
- 適応正規化、特にヒストグラム標準化は、CXR分類の実用的な前処理選択肢です。;提案されたパイプラインは、AI駆動型CXR解析におけるクロスデータセットの堅牢性と信頼性を向上させます。;この手法は、計算コストをほとんどかけずに統計的に有意な性能向上を提供します。
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