ロボット支援による上肢トレーニングが脳卒中患者の認知機能および身体機能に及ぼす影響:ランダム化比較試験
American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
|January 27, 2026
まとめ
従来の脳卒中リハビリテーションにロボット支援トレーニング(RAT)を追加しても、認知機能または運動機能に有意な改善は見られなかった。ロボット支援トレーニングは、脳卒中生存者に対する標準治療以上の追加的な利点を示さなかった。
科学分野:
- 神経リハビリテーション; 医療ロボット工学
背景:
- 脳卒中は、日常生活動作に影響を与える認知機能および運動機能に著しい影響を与える。従来の理学療法プログラムは、脳卒中後の回復における標準治療である。ロボット支援トレーニング(RAT)は、運動機能回復を強化するための新たなモダリティである。
研究 の 目的:
- 脳卒中後の患者に対する従来の理学療法に加えて、上肢(UE)ロボット支援トレーニング(RAT)の有効性を評価すること。追加的なRATが認知機能、UE運動機能、手の器用さ、および日常生活動作(ADL)に及ぼす影響を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 急性期後の脳卒中患者40名を対象としたランダム化比較試験。参加者は、従来の理学療法のみを行う対照群または従来の理学療法に加えてUE RATを行うロボット群に割り付けられた。治療前、治療後、および3ヶ月後のフォローアップで、認知機能、UE運動機能、手の器用さ、およびADLを評価した。
主要な成果:
- 両群とも、測定されたすべての結果において有意な改善を示した(p < 0.05)。しかし、ロボット群と対照群の間では、いずれの結果指標においても統計学的に有意な差は観察されなかった(p > 0.0167)。
結論:
- 従来の理学療法に加えて行われた上肢ロボット支援トレーニングは、脳卒中後の患者の認知機能に対して追加的な利点をもたらさなかった。補助的なRATは、UE運動機能、手の器用さ、またはADLの改善においても、従来の治療法に対する有意な利点を示さなかった。
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