亜急性および慢性腰痛:MRI表現型から画像誘導介入まで
Giulia Pacella1, Raffaele Natella1,2,3, Federico Bruno4
1Department of Medicine and Health Science "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
磁気共鳴画像法(MRI)は、持続的な腰痛(LBP)に対する介入を誘導できる。本レビューは、MRI所見と標的を絞った画像誘導治療を整合させるロードマップを提供し、患者の転帰を改善する。
科学分野:
- 放射線学
- インターベンショナルペインマネジメント
- 脊椎画像法
背景:
- 腰痛(LBP)は、世界的な障害の重大な原因です。
- 磁気共鳴画像法(MRI)は、持続的なLBPの診断、危険信号の疑い、または処置の誘導に不可欠です。
- 現在の治療法は、画像所見と特定の介入との明確な関連性が欠けていることがよくあります。
研究 の 目的:
- 亜急性および慢性腰痛のための実用的で放射線科主導のフレームワークを提示すること。
- MRIベースの表現型分類と画像誘導介入を統合すること。
- 画像表現型と解剖学的標的および適切な治療法を整合させること。
主な方法:
- 根性痛と非根性痛の表現型を区別するための操作的なMRI基準を定義したナラティブレビュー。
- 椎体終板/モーディック徴候および椎間関節/仙腸関節の変性変化に対するMRIベースの表現型分類を要約しました。
- 主要な画像誘導介入の選択、手技、誘導モダリティ(透視、CT、超音波)、安全性、有効性を概説しました。
主要な成果:
- 亜急性および慢性腰痛のMRI基準を定義し、表現型を区別しました。
- 硬膜外注射、高周波焼灼術(RFA)、椎体終板神経焼灼術(BVNA)、椎体形成術などの介入の選択と手技を詳述しました。
- MRIパターンと介入を結びつける表現型駆動型の報告テンプレートとケアパスを提案しました。
結論:
- 標準化された表現型→標的→ツールのアプローチは、腰痛に対するMRIレポートの実行可能性を高めます。
- この戦略は、臨床医が適切な画像誘導介入を選択するのに役立ち、患者の転帰を改善します。
- 不要な検査と治療の不確実性を減らすことにより、安全性と価値を優先します。
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