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ディープラーニングを用いたビットウィングX線写真における歯周病および修復状態のセグメンテーションベースのマルチクラス検出とX線図表作成
Ali Batuhan Bayırlı1, Buse Kesgin2, Mehmetcan Uytun1
1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, 48000 Mugla, Türkiye.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
この研究では、ビットウィングX線写真で8つの歯科的状態を検出するためにYOLOv8x-segを使用したAIモデルを開発し、歯周病のような骨損失や修復問題に対して中程度の成功を収めました。
科学分野:
- 歯学
- 人工知能
- 医用画像処理
背景:
- ビットウィングX線写真は、う蝕、修復、および歯周状態の評価に不可欠です。
- 歯科画像に関する既存のAI研究では、ビットウィングX線写真におけるマルチクラス診断図表作成が見過ごされがちです。
研究 の 目的:
- ビットウィングX線写真における8つの歯周および修復パラメータの同時検出のためのディープラーニングモデル(YOLOv8x-seg)を開発および評価すること。
- 異なる歯科的状態に対するAIモデルの診断性能を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 専門家によって注釈が付けられた1197枚のデジタルビットウィングX線写真のデータセットが、8つの状態に対して7860のラベルを生成しました。
- YOLOv8x-segモデルは、データの80%でトレーニングされ、それぞれ10%で検証およびテストされ、広範なデータ拡張を利用しました。
- 精度、再現率、F1スコア、および混同行列を使用してパフォーマンスを評価しました。
主要な成果:
- モデルは歯槽骨吸収に対して高い精度を達成しました(F1スコア:0.88)。
- 歯石(F1スコア:0.58)およびう蝕(F1スコア:0.57)に対しては中程度の性能が観察されました。
- 子宮頸部辺縁隙(F1スコア:0.23)および二次う蝕(F1スコア:0.29)のような頻度の低い状態に対する検出率は低かったです。
結論:
- YOLOv8x-segモデルは、ビットウィングX線写真における歯周状態の検出において高い成功率を示し、修復パラメータに対しても中程度の成功率を示しました。
- このAIフレームワークは、複数の歯科所見の同時評価に実行可能なアプローチを提供しますが、パフォーマンスは状態の頻度によって異なります。
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