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関連する概念動画

Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

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The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
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The fineness modulus (FM) of aggregate is a numerical index that measures the coarseness or fineness of the particles. It is calculated by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100.
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
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In the case of stringed instruments like the guitar, the elastic property that determines the speed of the sound produced is its linear mass density or the mass per unit length. This is simply called the linear density. If the string's linear density is constant along the string, then the linear density is simply the total mass divided by the total length.
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When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
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Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
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The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

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軽量なファインチューニングによる豚の咳検出

Xu Zhang1,2, Baoming Li1,3,4, Xiaoliu Xue1

  • 1Department of Agricultural Structure and Bioenvironmental Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

本研究では、集約農業における呼吸器疾患の早期検出のため、転移学習を用いた軽量な豚の咳認識システムを紹介する。この手法は、限られたデータと騒がしい農場の環境でも豚の咳を効果的に識別する。

キーワード:
PANNs-CNN14TFDS早期警戒モデル豚の咳認識転移学習

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科学分野:

  • 農業科学
  • 動物の健康
  • 機械学習

背景:

  • 呼吸器疾患は、集約的な豚の飼育において大きな懸念事項であり、動物の福祉と生産性に影響を与える。
  • 豚の咳の早期検出は、適時の介入のために重要であるが、ラベル付きデータが限られていることと、農場の音響環境が困難であることが妨げとなっている。

研究 の 目的:

  • リソースが限られた農業環境における早期疾患検出のための、軽量で正確な豚の咳認識方法を開発すること。
  • 豚の飼育における小規模サンプルサイズと複雑な音響環境の課題に対処すること。

主な方法:

  • 事前学習済みの音声ニューラルネットワークを利用し、そのバックボーンを凍結し、知識転移とドメイン適応のために分類器をファインチューニングした。
  • 咳特有の時間的・スペクトル的特徴を強化するために、時間周波数デュアルストリームモジュールを組み込んだ。
  • 豚の咳と環境ノイズクリップのデータセットで手法を評価した。

主要な成果:

  • テストデータセットで94.59%の精度と92.86%のF1スコアを達成し、ベースラインモデルを上回った。
  • クロスバリデーションにより平均精度96.99%を示し、堅牢な汎化性能を示唆した。
  • 提案された軽量ファインチューニングアプローチは、農業分野における小規模サンプル音声認識に効果的であることが証明された。

結論:

  • 開発されたフレームワークは、正確な咳認識を通じて、豚の農場における呼吸器疾患の早期警戒のための信頼できる技術的ソリューションを提供する。
  • 転移学習は、リソースが制約された農業環境における小規模サンプル音声認識のための実行可能な戦略を提示する。
  • 本研究は、集約農業における動物の健康監視と管理を改善するためのAIの可能性を強調する。