前頭前野神経調節経路による外傷後嗅覚障害:左DLPFC rTMSによる回復に裏付けられた展望
Chiara Di Fazio1,2, Sara Palermo1,3,4
1Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
Brain sciences
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
左背外側前頭前野(DLPFC)への高周波反復経頭蓋磁気刺激(rTMS)は、軽度外傷性脳損傷(mTBI)後の外傷後嗅覚障害の治療に有望である。単一症例報告では、rTMS治療後に嗅覚機能が著しく回復したことが報告されている。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 神経学
- 耳鼻咽喉科
背景:
- 外傷後嗅覚障害(PTOD)は、軽度外傷性脳損傷(mTBI)の頻繁かつ永続的な結果です。
- PTODの現在のエビデンスに基づいた治療選択肢は限られています。
- 神経調節介入は神経学的回復のために探求されています。
研究 の 目的:
- 左背外側前頭前野(DLPFC)に適用される高周波反復経頭蓋磁気刺激(rTMS)の、外傷後嗅覚障害(PTOD)治療の可能性を調査すること。
- rTMSが嗅覚回復を促進する可能性のある、嗅覚、注意、報酬ネットワークの上向き調節を含むメカニズム経路を探索すること。
- この分野における将来の研究のための主要なメカニズムおよび方法論的考慮事項を概説すること。
主な方法:
- 重度の外傷後嗅覚低下症を約5ヶ月間患った70歳女性の症例報告。
- 治療は、左DLPFC上の10 Hz rTMSの12週間のコースを含み、セッションあたり800パルスで36セッションで構成されました。
- 嗅覚機能は、構造化された日記と異なる臭気カテゴリ全体での繰り返し評価を使用して評価されました。
主要な成果:
- セッション10〜12回目頃から嗅覚機能の段階的な改善が報告され、刺激臭が再出現しました。
- 12週間の治療終了時には、微妙な香りを認識する能力を含む、広範な嗅覚回復が観察されました。
- rTMS治療期間中に有害事象は報告されませんでした。
結論:
- この症例は、左DLPFC上の高周波rTMSが外傷後嗅覚障害の実行可能な治療アプローチである可能性を示唆しています。
- 観察された嗅覚回復パターンは、ネットワークレベルの神経調節効果と一致しています。
- 因果関係を確立し、メカニズムをさらに解明するために、標準化された嗅覚検査と神経生理学的および神経画像技術を組み合わせた対照試験が保証されます。
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