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選択的緘黙症の子供と青年における身体的凍結反応
Shirley A Landrock-White1, Lindsay Lenton1, Jean Victoria J Roe1
1Selective Mutism Information and Research Association, 5 Collingwood Drive, Sileby, Loughborough LE12 7NT, UK.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
不安障害である選択的緘黙症(SM)と自閉症はしばしば併存する。自閉症の有無にかかわらず、SMの子供たちは身体的凍結反応を報告しており、SMQスコアが低いほど凍結反応が多いことが相関していた。
科学分野:
- 心理学
- 小児精神医学
- 神経発達障害
背景:
- 選択的緘黙症(SM)は、特定の社会的状況において一貫して話すことができないことを特徴とする不安障害である。
- SMと自閉症スペクトラム障害(ASD)との間に有意な重複があることを示唆するエビデンスが増えている。
- 身体的凍結反応は、SMの特徴としてますます認識されている。
研究 の 目的:
- 自閉症のみ、SMのみ、自閉症とSMの両方、またはどちらの疾患もない子供の親を対象とした横断的オンライン調査を実施した。
- 自閉症のみ、SMのみ、自閉症とSMの両方、またはどちらの疾患もない子供の親を対象とした横断的オンライン調査を実施した。
- 凍結行動、自閉症の併存疾患、およびSMの重症度との関係を調査した。
主な方法:
- 自閉症のみ、SMのみ、自閉症とSMの両方、またはどちらの疾患もないと診断された子供の親を対象に、横断的オンライン調査を実施した。
- 一部の子供たちが自身の調査を完了したことも含め、言語障害と凍結行動に関するデータを収集した。
- SMの重症度を評価するために、選択的緘黙症質問票(SMQ)を使用した。
主要な成果:
- 自閉症の併存疾患の有無にかかわらず、SMの子供たちは喉と体の凍結を経験したと報告した。
- 言語障害の最も頻繁な理由として、話すことへのプレッシャー、批判されることへの恐れ、間違いを犯すことへの恐れが挙げられた。
- 自閉症とSMの両方の子供たちは、最も低いSMQスコアを報告し、これはSMの重症度が高いことを示唆しており、凍結反応の増加はSMQスコアの低下と相関していた。
結論:
- 身体的凍結反応は、自閉症の診断に関係なく、選択的緘黙症の子供における顕著な症状である。
- 自閉症とSMの併存は、より重度のSM症状と関連している可能性がある。
- 不安、自閉症、および凍結反応の間の相互作用を理解することは、効果的な介入のために不可欠である。
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