がん手術患者におけるテクノロジーを活用した(術前)リハビリテーション:システマティックレビューおよびメタアナリシス
Tiffany R Tsoukalas1,2, Zirong Bai1,2, Claire Jeon2
1Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
Cancers
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
テクノロジーを活用した術前リハビリテーションは、がん手術患者の入院期間を大幅に短縮し、疼痛や抑うつなどの患者報告アウトカムを改善する。これらの有望な結果を確認するには、さらなる大規模試験が必要である。
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- デジタルヘルス
- 外科的ケア
背景:
- 術前リハビリテーションはがん手術のアウトカムを改善するが、アクセスには限界がある。テクノロジーを活用した術前リハビリテーションは、ケアの公平性を高めるためのスケーラブルなソリューションを提供する。本レビューは、胸部および腹部骨盤がん手術の術前リハビリテーションにおけるテクノロジーの役割に焦点を当てる。
研究 の 目的:
- テクノロジーを活用した術前リハビリテーションの有効性を系統的にレビューすること。周術期および患者報告アウトカムへの影響を評価すること。胸部および/または腹部骨盤がん手術を受けた患者のアウトカムを評価すること。
主な方法:
- 創刊から2024年10月までのランダム化比較試験(RCT)の系統的レビュー。通常ケアと比較したテクノロジーを活用した術前リハビリテーションを比較したRCTについて、6つのデータベースを検索した。合併症、LOS、QoL、疼痛、抑うつ、疲労、苦痛を含むアウトカムをメタアナリシスを用いて分析した。
主要な成果:
- 17件のRCT(n=1690)が含まれ、そのほとんどがアプリベースのプラットフォームを使用していた。テクノロジーを活用した術前リハビリテーションは、入院期間(LOS)を有意に短縮した。対照群と比較して、疼痛、抑うつ、疲労、苦痛に改善が見られた。
結論:
- テクノロジーを活用した術前リハビリテーションは、がん手術後のLOSおよび患者報告アウトカムの改善の可能性を示す。研究の異質性および小規模サンプルサイズのため、エビデンスは限定的である。有効性を確認し、実施をガイドするためには、大規模なパワーのある試験が必要である。
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