経直腸的系統的生検から経会陰的病巣焦点生検への移行:実世界比較解析
Thibaut Long Depaquit1, Federica Sordelli1, Christopher Agüero1
1Department of Urology, Nord Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), 13005 Marseille, France.
Cancers
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
経会陰的(TP)病巣焦点生検アプローチは、経直腸的(TR)系統的生検と比較して、臨床的に意義のある前立腺がん(csPCa)の検出を大幅に改善する。この方法により、低グレードの前立腺がんの過剰診断も減少する。
科学分野:
- 泌尿器科学;腫瘍学;医用画像処理
背景:
- 経会陰的(TP)前立腺生検は、経直腸的(TR)アプローチよりも安全性が向上している。特に現代的な戦略を用いたTP病巣焦点生検が臨床的に意義のある前立腺がん(csPCa)の検出に与える診断への影響については、さらなる評価が必要である。TR系統的生検からTP病巣焦点生検戦略への移行には、実世界での評価が必要である。
研究 の 目的:
- TR系統的生検からTP病巣焦点アプローチへの移行の実際的な診断への影響を評価する。csPCaおよび低グレードがんの検出率を2つの生検戦略間で比較する。
主な方法:
- 単一のMRI視認可能病変(PI-RADS≧3)を有する男性を対象とした画像ガイド下前立腺生検(2018-2025)の後ろ向き単一施設研究。標的コアおよび病巣周囲コアを用いたTR系統的生検(TR-SBx)とTP病巣焦点生検(TP-LFx)の比較。ベースラインの違いを調整した治療効果逆確率重み付け(IPTW)および二重頑健モデルを使用した。
主要な成果:
- TP-LFxは、TR-SBxと比較して、csPCa検出率が有意に高かった(調整後OR 2.52、p=0.002)。TP-LFxは、Gleason Grade Group 1がんの検出率が低く(OR 0.50、p=0.03)、過剰診断の減少を示唆した。過去の陰性生検を受けた患者、および前立腺の前方/頂端病変において、TP-LFxのより強い関連性が観察された。
結論:
- 臨床実践においてTP病巣焦点生検アプローチに移行することは、csPCaの検出を強化する。TP病巣焦点戦略は、低グレード前立腺がんの過剰診断を効果的に減少させる。これらの所見は、現代の前立腺がん診断におけるTP病巣焦点MRIガイド下生検の採用を支持する。
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