脂肪組織と中枢神経系のクロストーク:疼痛および認知機能障害における役割
Juan Li1, Zhixiao Li1, Kun Chen1,2
1Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Biomedicines
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
機能不全の脂肪組織が肥満と脳の炎症を結びつけ、慢性疼痛と認知機能低下を引き起こす。新しい神経代謝炎症モデルは、脂肪が中枢神経系(CNS)にどのように影響するかを説明する。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 代謝健康
- 免疫学
背景:
- 世界的な肥満パンデミックは、神経学的健康における脂肪組織の役割を浮き彫りにしている。
- 代謝機能障害は、慢性疼痛および認知機能低下とますます関連付けられている。
- 既存のモデルでは、脂肪-中枢神経系(CNS)軸を完全に統合していない。
研究 の 目的:
- 脂肪-CNS軸の統一された「神経代謝炎症」モデルを提唱する。
- 機能不全の脂肪組織が神経機能にどのように影響するかについての現在の証拠を統合する。
- メカニズムを特定し、証拠の質を評価し、トランスレーショナルギャップを特定する。
主な方法:
- 現在の科学文献の系統的レビューと統合。
- 機能不全の脂肪組織から放出される因子(アディポカイン、脂質、細胞外小胞)の分析。
- 内臓脂肪と疼痛および認知機能障害との関連に関する臨床的証拠の評価。
主要な成果:
- 機能不全の脂肪組織は、神経炎症を促進し、血液脳関門の完全性を破壊する因子を放出する。
- シナプス可塑性の障害と神経炎症は、疼痛過敏および認知機能障害に寄起する。
- 内臓脂肪は、多部位の慢性疼痛および加速された認知機能障害と臨床的に関連しており、性差効果が見られる。
結論:
- 提唱された「神経代謝炎症」モデルは、肥満における脂肪-CNSコミュニケーションを理解するための枠組みを提供する。
- 脂肪-CNS軸を標的とすることは、新たな治療機会をもたらす。
- このコミュニケーションの複雑な時間的および空間的ダイナミクスを明確にするためには、さらなる研究が必要である。
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