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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Surveying is the art and science of mapping the earth's surface. It involves measuring distances, angles in horizontal or vertical directions, and levels to understand the shape and size of land features. Surveying techniques are essential for various tasks, such as identifying the levels of a land area with reference to a specific point, and mapping undulations and water bodies.There are two main types of surveying: plane surveys and geodetic surveys. Plane surveys assume the earth is flat,...
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Apart from the measures of central tendency, distribution, outliers, and the changing characteristics of data with time, an important characteristic of any data set is its variation or spread. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in others, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean.
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Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon
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鼠径ヘルニアのライヒテンシュタイン修復術と術者間バリエーション：教科書レビューと多施設術者調査

Jurij Gorjanc1, David C Chen2,3, Andrew Kingsnorth4

  • 1Department of General and Abdominal Surgery, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria.

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まとめ

鼠径ヘルニアに対するライヒテンシュタイン修復術（LR）は、実践において著しいばらつきがあり、転帰に影響を与えています。この標準的な手術手技を標準化することは、再発と慢性疼痛を軽減するために不可欠です。

キーワード:
ライヒテンシュタイン修復術慢性疼痛ヘルニア再発ヘルニア手術標準化鼠径ヘルニア手術手技バリエーション

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科学分野:

  • 外科的イノベーション
  • ヘルニア修復技術
  • 医療標準化

背景:

  • ライヒテンシュタイン修復術（LR）は、その単純さ、再現性、局所麻酔への適合性から、鼠径ヘルニア修復術の世界的なゴールドスタンダードです。
  • LRの世界的な採用により多数のバリエーションが生じていますが、再発と慢性疼痛への影響は不明確です。

研究 の 目的:

  • ライヒテンシュタイン修復術（LR）手技のバリエーションを調査すること。
  • LR方法の多様化に寄与する要因を特定すること。
  • 修正がヘルニア修復の転帰に及ぼす影響を評価すること。

主な方法:

  • 主要な7つの外科教科書の文献レビュー。
  • オーストリアとスロベニアの19病院の90人の外科医に配布された17項目のアンケート。
  • LRの重要なステップに関する外科医の回答の分析。

主要な成果:

  • LRの教科書的な記述と手術実践には著しいばらつきが存在します。
  • 術者の50％以上が、鼠径部の被覆を損なう可能性のある、あらかじめ形成されたメッシュのトリミングを報告しました。
  • ライヒテンシュタイン修復術後の定期的患者フォローアップが頻繁に欠如しています。

結論:

  • 「ライヒテンシュタイン修復術」という用語は、現在、多様な前方メッシュ手技を広くカバーしています。
  • 再発と慢性疼痛を最小限に抑えるためには、元のLRのエビデンスに基づいた原則を遵守することが不可欠です。
  • LR手技の標準化は、研究およびレジストリにおける正確で比較可能なデータのために不可欠です。