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ヘテロジニアスコンピューティング向け畳み込みニューラルネットワークアクセラレータのアーキテクチャ設計:融合 Систолический массивに基づく
Yang Zong1, Zhenhao Ma1, Jian Ren1
1School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
本研究では、ヘテロジニアスコンピューティングを用いた新しい低消費電力畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)アクセラレータを紹介します。この設計は、組み込みアプリケーションのエネルギー効率を大幅に向上させ、既存のソリューションを上回っています。
科学分野:
- コンピュータ工学
- 人工知能
- ハードウェアアクセラレーション
背景:
- 畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)は、高い計算要求、リソース使用量、複雑さといった課題に直面しており、マイクロプロセッサへの展開が制限されています。
- 現在のCNNアクセラレータは、エネルギー効率が限定的(2.32-6.5925 GOPs/W)であり、低消費電力組み込みシステムの要件を満たせていません。
研究 の 目的:
- 低消費電力で高エネルギー効率のCNNアクセラレータアーキテクチャを提案すること。
- リソースが制約された組み込みシナリオにおけるCNNの展開制限に対処すること。
主な方法:
- 中央処理装置(CPU)と特定用途向け集積回路(ASIC)を組み合わせたヘテロジニアスコンピューティングアーキテクチャを開発しました。
- YOLOv5nをベンチマークネットワークとして、演算子融合Систолический массивアルゴリズムを実装しました。
- 深層演算子融合(畳み込み、バッチ正規化、活性化)のために、Conv-BN融合を備えた2次元Систолический массивを統合しました。
- リソース使用量を削減するためにRISC-Vコアを最適化し、非同期プラットフォームの安定性のためにロッキング機構とプリフェッチを採用しました。
主要な成果:
- 計算性能20.6 GFLOPsを達成しました。
- 低消費電力1.96 Wを実証しました。
- エネルギー効率比10.46 GOPs/Wを達成しました。
- 既存の主流アクセラレータと比較して58-350%のエネルギー効率の向上を示しました。
結論:
- 提案されたヘテロジニアスCNNアクセラレータアーキテクチャは、エネルギー効率とパフォーマンスにおいて大幅な改善を提供します。
- この設計は、低消費電力組み込みシステムでの効果的な展開に大きな可能性を示しています。
- 演算子融合Систолический массивと最適化されたRISC-Vコアは、CNN展開の課題克服に貢献します。
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