人工股関節全置換術または人工膝関節全置換術を受ける退役軍人における術後オピオイド処方の最適化
Taylor Lueder1, Brittany Faley1, Tamara Dixon1
1Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy
|January 28, 2026
まとめ
股関節または膝関節置換術後のオピオイド処方には一貫性が見られない。多くの患者は必要ないにもかかわらずオピオイドを処方されており、標準化された疼痛管理プロトコルの必要性を示唆している。
科学分野:
- 整形外科
- 疼痛管理
- 薬理学
背景:
- 整形外科手術後のオピオイド処方は、依存や過剰処方などのリスクをもたらす。
- 人工股関節全置換術(THA)および人工膝関節全置換術(TKA)後の疼痛管理の最適化は極めて重要である。
研究 の 目的:
- THAまたはTKAを受けるオピオイドナイーブな退役軍人における術後オピオイド処方パターンを評価する。
- 品質改善のためのオピオイド使用と文書化のばらつきを特定する。
主な方法:
- 単一のVA医療センターで142人のオピオイドナイーブな退役軍人を対象とした後ろ向き分析。
- 2023年9月から2024年9月の間にTHAおよびTKA患者のオピオイド処方データを調査した。
主要な成果:
- 人工膝関節全置換術(TKA)患者は、人工股関節全置換術(THA)患者よりも高いモルヒネ換算1日投与量(MEDD)を受けた。11%の患者は、最近の入院中のオピオイド使用歴がないにもかかわらず、オピオイドを処方されたまま退院した。処方および文書化の実践における一貫性のなさが観察された。
結論:
- 結果は、術後オピオイド処方と文書化を改善する大きな機会があることを強調している。
- 推奨事項には、標準化された多角的鎮痛法、非オピオイド鎮痛薬の推進、およびナロキソン併用処方が含まれる。
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