タスク、個人の特性、経験的特性が学習の転移を促進する
Kyle J LaFollette1,2, David J Frank3, Alexander P Burgoyne4,5
1Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. kyle.lafollette@chicagobooth.edu.
Communications psychology
|January 29, 2026
まとめ
スキル転移は複雑なタスクにとって不可欠である。この研究は、ストレス、タスク環境、個人の特性がスキル転移に影響を与える相互作用を示し、集団平均を超えた複雑な適応を明らかにする。
科学分野:
- 認知心理学; ヒューマンファクター工学; 学習科学
背景:
- スキル転移は複雑なパフォーマンスにとって重要である。既存の研究では、タスク、個人、経験要因の相互作用が見過ごされがちである。これらの相互作用を理解することは、動的な環境における学習とパフォーマンスを最適化するための鍵である。
研究 の 目的:
- 介入レベルの要因(タスクの一貫性、ストレス)、個人間の違い(感情認知特性、生理的特性)、および個人内の変動(練習量)がスキル転移にどのように共同で影響するかを調査すること。感情的および生理的調整と環境要因のスキル転移における相互作用を探ること。従来の集団レベルの分析を超えた転移のより微妙な理解を提供すること。
主な方法:
- 241人の参加者を6ラウンドにわたって使用したゲーム化された学習タスクを用いた。参加者は、ストレスとタスクの一貫性(一貫した環境対一貫性のない環境)の異なる条件下でトレーニングを受けた。パフォーマンスは、参加者がトレーニングを続けたか、または異なるタスク環境に切り替えた後に評価された。
主要な成果:
- タスクの一貫性は学習効率を向上させたが、一貫性のない環境への切り替えはパフォーマンスを低下させた。生理的反応性および感情認知特性(認知的再評価、不確実性への不耐性)における個人差は、切り替え後のパフォーマンスを著しく形成した。補償的適応が観察され、個々の調整戦略が環境変化とどのように相互作用するかを強調した。
結論:
- スキル転移は、タスク設計、環境要求、および個々の調整能力の複雑な相互作用によって影響される。感情的および生理的調整は、特にタスク環境が変化する場合、スキル転移の重要なモデレーターである。この研究は、個人内の変動性と適応における個人差の重要性を強調することにより、転移モデルを進歩させる。
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