肺ヒストプラズマ症、台湾、1997-2024年
Emerging infectious diseases
|January 30, 2026
まとめ
肺ヒストプラズマ症は、これまで非流行地域であった台湾で出現しています。この研究では、症例数の増加が示されており、多くは渡航歴のない免疫能のある個人に見られ、臨床的な認識を高める必要があります。
科学分野:
- 感染症; 肺学; 疫学
背景:
- 肺ヒストプラズマ症は伝統的に流行地域で発生する。台湾は歴史的にヒストプラズマ症の非流行地域と考えられてきた。最近の観察では、台湾でのヒストプラズマ症症例の増加が示唆されている。
研究 の 目的:
- 台湾における肺ヒストプラズマ症の出現と特徴を調査する。患者の人口統計学的特徴、臨床像、転帰を分析する。症例同定の経時的傾向を評価する。
主な方法:
- 病理学的に確認された肺ヒストプラズマ症の成人患者の後ろ向き研究。2024年12月までの1997年6月から台湾でデータを収集。人口統計学的特徴、渡航歴、免疫状態、放射線学的所見を含む14例の肺関与症例を分析。
主要な成果:
- 肺ヒストプラズマ症の成人14例を特定、平均年齢は56.6歳。有意な割合(78.6%)は流行地域への渡航歴がなく、71.4%は免疫能があった。結節性病変が優位(85.7%)で、左上葉の関与が最も一般的(28.6%)であった。ほとんどの患者(78.6%)は抗真菌療法(主にボリコナゾール)を受け、良好な転帰(死亡1例)であった。2015年以降、症例同定率は著しく増加した。
結論:
- 肺ヒストプラズマ症は台湾で出現しており、その非流行地域としての地位に疑問を投げかけている。本所見は、渡航歴や免疫状態に関わらず、適合する症状を呈する患者においてヒストプラズマ症を考慮することの重要性を強調している。以前は非流行地域であった地域では、早期診断と管理のために臨床的疑いを高めることが不可欠である。
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