神経因性低活動膀胱（NLUTD）における膀胱蓄尿症状の初回治療としての医学的管理：ボトックス療法

Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) severely impairs patient quality of life (QoL). While oral medications are often first-line treatments, their high failure rates and side effects limit their effectiveness. Thus, we argue for the use of intravesical botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections as a first-line alternative.

A PubMed search identified 81 studies on NLUTD and BoNT-A, 26 of which were analyzed for the efficacy of BoNT-A as a first-line treatment.

BoNT-A significantly improved renal function and urinary continence, as indicated by significant reductions in maximum detrusor pressure and increases in maximum cystometric capacity, respectively. Mechanisms for which BoNT-A treatment also improved urinary urgency were found to include sensory pathway modulation and neurotransmitter inhibition. Finally, QoL was found to significantly improve across multiple criteria, including sexual function such as lubrication and orgasm. Importantly, early initiation of BoNT-A treatment yielded better outcomes, emphasizing its value as a first-line treatment. Although side effects include increased post-void residual (PVR), pain, muscle weakness, and reduced efficacy over time, studies have shown that these effects are manageable with dose adjustments and anesthetics.

BoNT-A offers substantial therapeutic benefits for NLUTD and demonstrates greater effectiveness when used early; thus, it should be considered a first-line treatment option.