固形臓器移植におけるHHV-8/KSHV:現在の知識のギャップと将来の方向性
Alessandra Mularoni1,2, Andrea Cona1,2, Malgorzata Mikulska3,4
1IRCCS ISMETT, Palermo, Italy.
まとめ
固形臓器移植(SOT)レシピエントでは、HHV-8/KSHV関連疾患(KAD)が増加しています。早期検出と管理、カポジ氏病を含む
科学分野:
- 移植医学
- 感染症
- 腫瘍学
背景:
- 固形臓器移植(SOT)レシピエントは、HHV-8/KSHV関連疾患(KAD)のリスク増加に直面しています。
- HHV-8/KSHVへの影響を評価する上での課題には、地域的な血清有病率のばらつきや一貫性のないスクリーニングが含まれます。
- カポジ肉腫(KS)やリンパ腫などの腫瘍性KAD、および非悪性カポジ肉腫ヘルペスウイルス炎症性サイトカイン症候群(KICS)は、SOTにおける懸念事項です。
研究 の 目的:
- SOTレシピエントにおけるKICSに焦点を当てたKADの最新の概要を提供すること。
- スクリーニングと管理における現在の知識のギャップと最近の進歩を強調すること。
- 診断ツールの改善と前向き研究の必要性を強調すること。
主な方法:
- SOTにおけるHHV-8/KSHV関連疾患に関する現在の文献のレビュー。
- KICSの臨床像、診断、管理戦略に焦点を当てる。
- 潜在的な臨床プロトコルと研究ニーズの議論。
主要な成果:
- KICSは、重度の炎症と多臓器不全の可能性を伴う非悪性症候群であり、重大な懸念事項です。
- ドナー由来のKICSおよびKSは、典型的な皮膚病変なしで現れる可能性があり、警戒を高める必要があります。
- 現在の管理戦略には、ドナー/レシピエントの検査、DNAemiaのモニタリング、免疫抑制の変更、抗ウイルス薬、リツキシマブが含まれます。
結論:
- HHV-8/KSHVに対する標準化された血清学的検査が不足しています。
- モニタリング、先制管理、治療プロトコルの検証には、前向き研究が必要です。
- SOTレシピエントにおけるKADの適時診断と治療には、診断ツールの改善と臨床的認識が不可欠です。
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