トリキネラ症：依然として警戒が必要な人獣共通感染症

科学分野:

• Parasitology and Infectious Diseases; Foodborne Illnesses; Public Health

背景:

• Trichinellosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Trichinella nematodes.; Acquisition typically occurs through consumption of raw or undercooked meat containing infective larvae.; It remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly where food safety is compromised.

研究 の 目的:

• To review and integrate current knowledge on Trichinella biology, transmission, and clinical manifestations.; To discuss challenges and advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of trichinellosis.; To identify areas requiring further research, especially concerning human pathophysiology and chronic disease.

主な方法:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science).; Searches covered publications from 1990 to August 2025 using keywords related to Trichinella and trichinellosis.; Included articles were screened for relevance, and full-text content was analyzed for key information.

主要な成果:

• Trichinella has a life cycle involving intestinal and muscular phases, leading to cyst formation.; Clinical presentations range from mild gastrointestinal issues to severe systemic symptoms and potential chronic effects.; The immune response typically shows a Th2 profile with eosinophilia; diagnosis involves clinical, epidemiological, serological, and parasitological methods.

結論:

• Effective prevention strategies include public education, controlled animal farming, and rigorous meat inspection.; Further research into host-parasite interactions, chronic disease mechanisms, and species-specific differences is crucial.; Improved understanding is essential for enhancing clinical management and guiding public health interventions against trichinellosis.