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関連する概念動画

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other

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According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
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Physiological Foundation of Stress01:24

Physiological Foundation of Stress

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Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
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Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice01:30

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Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
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Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game01:24

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The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...
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Social Foundations of Self III: Self-Evaluation01:30

Social Foundations of Self III: Self-Evaluation

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Self-evaluation is the process by which individuals assess their abilities, behaviors, and characteristics based on feedback from others. Charles H. Cooley observed that a person’s self-perception is primarily influenced by how others see and judge them. He suggested that individuals form their identities based on their interpretations of others' reactions. As a result, social interactions play a crucial role in shaping self-esteem and personal identity. These external evaluations often...
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Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication01:30

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication

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Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...
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A Novel Surgical Technique As a Foundation for In Vivo Partial Liver Engineering in Rat
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眼科画像のための基盤モデル

Kayvan Gharbi1, Peter van Wijngaarden2, Xavier Hadoux1

  • 1Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Survey of ophthalmology
|January 31, 2026
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

眼科基盤モデルは、専門的なAIツールから汎用的なAIツールへと進化しています。最近の進歩は、眼科ケアアプリケーションの改善のために、多様なデータとテキストガイダンスの統合に焦点を当てています。

キーワード:
マルチモーダルイメージング臨床AI対照学習基盤モデルマスク自動エンコーダー眼科診断眼科学網膜イメージング自己教師あり学習ビジョン言語モデル

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科学分野:

  • 眼科人工知能
  • ヘルスケアにおける機械学習
  • 医用画像解析

背景:

  • 基盤モデルは、大規模でラベル付けされていない眼科データセットからの転移可能な特徴学習を提供します。
  • これらのモデルは、眼科学における人工知能の進歩に不可欠です。
  • さまざまな下流の診断および分析タスクにわたって柔軟なアプリケーションを可能にします。

研究 の 目的:

  • 2022年から2025年7月までの眼科基盤モデルの進化を体系的に分析すること。
  • モデルアーキテクチャ、事前トレーニング、および監視戦略における主要な進歩を調査すること。
  • この分野における現在のトレンドと将来の方向性の包括的な概要を提供すること。

主な方法:

  • 12の異なる眼科基盤モデルの体系的なレビュー。
  • モダリティ統合(単一モダリティ、マルチモーダル、ビジョン言語)の分析。
  • 事前トレーニング目的(生成的対照的)および監視(画像/テキストガイド)の評価。

主要な成果:

  • ドメイン固有の単一モダリティモデルから、臨床テキストによってガイドされるモダリティに依存しないモデルへの移行が観察されました。
  • モダリティに依存しないエンコーダーや合成データ拡張などの新興技術は、パフォーマンスと一般化能力を向上させます。
  • 事前トレーニングと監視戦略の進歩が、進歩の重要な推進力となっています。

結論:

  • 眼科基盤モデルはますます洗練され、より広範な適用性へと移行しています。
  • 将来の研究では、より広範なモダリティ統合、高次元データ、および標準化されたベンチマークに焦点を当てるべきです。
  • このレビューは、眼科学におけるこれらのAIモデルの開発と応用のための基礎知識を提供します。