PACU看護リソース配分をSARIMAベースの患者数予測で最適化:中国の三次病院(2020-2021)のケーススタディ
Juan Xiong1,2, Ping Tu3, Zhi Hao Li3
1Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
BMC health services research
|January 31, 2026
まとめ
季節性自己回帰和分移動平均(SARIMA)モデルは、術後回復室(PACU)への患者の入院を正確に予測します。このモデルは、看護師の配置の最適化に役立ち、効率を向上させます。
科学分野:
- ヘルスケアオペレーションズリサーチ
- 時系列予測
- 臨床情報学
背景:
- 正確な患者の入院予測は、効率的なヘルスケアリソース管理のために不可欠です。
- 術後回復室(PACU)の患者フローは非常に変動しやすく、人員配置に課題をもたらします。
- 既存の予測方法は、PACUへの入院の時間的ダイナミクスを十分に捉えられない可能性があります。
研究 の 目的:
- 季節性自己回帰和分移動平均(SARIMA)モデルを開発・検証し、PACUへの患者の入院を予測する。
- 看護師の配置の最適化におけるモデルの有用性を評価する。
- SARIMAモデルの性能を長期短期記憶(LSTM)ニューラルネットワークと比較する。
主な方法:
- 16,637人の患者の14ヶ月間の毎日の入院データを分析しました。
- 5回のローリングクロスバリデーションを使用して、トレーニングおよびテストデータセットでSARIMAモデルを開発および検証しました。
- 赤池情報量規準(AIC)およびベイズ情報量規準(BIC)に基づいてモデルを選択し、残差診断を行いました。
- SARIMAモデルの性能をLSTMベンチマークと比較し、看護師の人員配置調整をシミュレーションしました。
主要な成果:
- 最適なSARIMA(1,0,2)(0,1,2)7モデルは、強力な予測精度を示しました(RMSE中央値:14.53、MAE:11.14、R²:0.75)。
- SARIMAモデルは、LSTMベンチマーク(RMSE:15.51、R²:0.483)を大幅に上回りました。
- 人員配置シミュレーションにより、安全な患者カバレッジを確保しながら、32.1%の日で過剰人員配置の削減が可能であることが示されました。
結論:
- SARIMAモデルは、PACUへの患者の入院に対して、正確で信頼性の高い短期予測を提供します。
- 看護師のスケジューリングとリソース配分の最適化のための貴重な意思決定支援ツールとして機能します。
- SARIMAモデルは、この臨床的文脈におけるPACU予測において、LSTMと比較して優れた性能と実用性を提供します。
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