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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis

Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis

Published on: May 10, 2020

乾燥地における緩効性肥料による土壌窒素、光合成、根構造の制御を通じたヒマワリ収量の向上

Wenhao Ren¹, Xianyue Li^1,2,3,4, Tingxi Liu^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.

Frontiers in plant science

|February 2, 2026

要旨

Background And Aims:

In arid irrigated systems, nitrogen supply often mismatches crop demand. This study assessed whether controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) better synchronizes nitrogen supply with sunflower demand than traditional nitrogen fertilizer (TNF), by comparing field treatments, quantified soil-root-plant responses, and identified the CRF rate that maximizes yields and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).

Methods:

A three-year field experiment (2019-2021) was conducted in the Hetao Irrigation District, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, China, using sunflower cultivar SH361. Treatments compared CRF and TNF at 135, 225, and 315 kg N/ha. Measurements included soil nitrate (0-100 cm), root traits (surface area density, dry weight), root sap production and sap nitrate, relative chlorophyll values, net photosynthetic rate, plant nitrogen uptake, and yield.

Results:

Relative to TNF, CRF significantly improved soil-root-plant N dynamics, increasing sunflower yield by 23.83%, plant NU by 8.17%, and NUE by 14.46%. CRF₂₂₅ achieved the highest NUE while maintaining a yield statistically equivalent to CRF₃₁₅, indicating that additional N input beyond 225 kg/ha conferred no yield benefit. Enhanced yield under CRF was strongly associated with higher soil nitrate availability, greater root activity, and increased photosynthesis.

Conclusion:

CRF improved nitrogen synchrony, yield, and NUE under arid irrigation. The 225 kg N/ha CRF rate provided the most favorable yield-efficiency balance, offering a practical management strategy for sustainable production in water-limited regions. By quantitatively linking CRF to soil-root-plant nitrogen coordination, this study advances understanding of nitrogen optimization in arid irrigated systems.

キーワード:

緩効性肥料光合成根の発達土壌窒素ヒマワリ収量

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Isolation and Analysis of Microbial Communities in Soil, Rhizosphere, and Roots in Perennial Grass Experiments

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