視神経乳頭出血と原発開放隅角緑内障進行の縦断的関連:系統的レビューとメタアナリシス
Chelsea Qiu Lin Tan1, Claire Jing-Wen Tan1, Bee Choo Tai2
1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.
Ophthalmic epidemiology
|February 2, 2026
まとめ
視神経乳頭出血(DH)は、特に正常眼圧緑内障(NTG)において、原発開放隅角緑内障(POAG)の進行を予測します。ベースラインのDHは、視野喪失および神経線維層菲薄化のリスク増加を示します。
科学分野:
- 眼科学
- 緑内障研究
- 医療診断
背景:
- 視神経乳頭出血(DH)は、原発開放隅角緑内障(POAG)における重要な指標です。
- 初期のDHがPOAGおよび正常眼圧緑内障(NTG)の進行に与える影響については、広範な縦断的データが不足しています。
- DHの役割を理解することは、緑内障悪化を予測するために不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- ベースラインのDHとPOAG/NTGの進行との関連を系統的にレビューし、メタアナリシスを行うこと。
- 初期のDHが緑内障悪化の速度に影響を与えるかどうかを判断すること。
- DHの位置と視野悪化との関連を調査すること。
主な方法:
- 観察研究の系統的レビューとメタアナリシス(PROSPERO CRD42021292572)。
- PubMed、Embase、Cochrane、SCOPUS、およびWeb of Scienceで2025年7月1日まで検索しました。
- 定義されたPOAG/NTGの進行基準を持つ18歳以上の患者を対象とした研究を含めました。
主要な成果:
- 22件の研究(7件の前向き研究、15件の後ろ向き研究)が含まれました。
- ベースラインのDHは、POAGの進行(OR=4.51)およびNTGの進行(OR=5.15)と有意に関連していました。
- DHは下鼻側と下耳側に多く発生し、視野欠損の位置と相関していました。
結論:
- ベースラインのDHは、特にNTGにおいて、POAGの進行の有意な予測因子です。
- POAGおよびベースラインのDHを有する患者は、網膜神経線維層の菲薄化および視野喪失に対して集中的なモニタリングが必要です。
- DHの存在は、緑内障管理においてより注意深い臨床的監視を保証します。
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