関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data

Published on: October 23, 2020

ACE方程式は、デューク階段負荷スコアおよびデュークのノモグラムと同等の死亡リスク推定値を与える

Alexander H K Montoye¹, Morgan R Fonley², Bradford S Westgate²

¹Department of Integrative Physiology and Health Science, Alma College, Alma, Michigan; Exercise Science Program, Montcalm Community College, Sidney, Michigan; (Dr Montoye).

Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention

|February 2, 2026

要旨

Purpose:

We sought to develop an equation, the Alma College Estimation (ACE) equation, to estimate survival equivalent to the Duke treadmill score (DTS) and Duke nomogram.

Methods:

Combinations of ST segment deviation (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm), angina (0 = none, 1 = nonlimiting, and 2 = limiting), and metabolic equivalents of task (2-20) were graphed on the Duke nomogram, and the ACE equation was developed to predict annual mortality likelihood from nomogram measurements. Secondary analyses analyzed data from a clinical cohort of 10,673 patients who underwent a graded maximal exercise test at a county hospital in Sweden between 2005 and 2016. Following ACE equation development, survival estimates were compared between the equation to traditional line plotting on the Duke nomogram using mean absolute error and equivalence testing. Also, 5-year survival estimates from the ACE equation, nomogram, and DTS were categorized into low, intermediate, and high risk and compared using percent agreement.

Results:

The developed ACE equation is a non-linear, exponential function. The 5-year survival estimates (100 - [5 × annual mortality risk]) from the ACE equation were significantly equivalent to within 1% of the nomogram ( P < .001, mean difference 0.1% ± 1.0%), with low mean absolute error (all combinations: 0.7% ± 0.7%, clinical cohort: 0.7% ± 1.0%). Percent agreement in risk categories ranged from 83% to 94%.

Conclusions:

The ACE equation produced similar survival estimates to the Duke nomogram and DTS. This equation improves precision over the DTS and ease of use over the Duke nomogram, and therefore, may serve as a valuable tool for clinicians assessing prognosis from exercise test findings.

キーワード:

ブルース階段負荷試験冠動脈疾患診断死亡率階段負荷試験

さらに関連する動画

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model

Published on: September 16, 2022

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

関連する概念動画

Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations

Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations

Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element.
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...

Actin Treadmilling

Actin Treadmilling

Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization from either end. The polymerization and depolymerization rates depend on the cytosolic concentration of free G-actins. The polymerization rate is generally higher at the plus or barbed end, while the depolymerization rate is higher at the minus or pointed end. At a steady state, critical concentration describes the concentration of free G-actin monomers at which the polymerization rate at the plus end is equal to that of the...

Equivalent Capacitance

Equivalent Capacitance

Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...

Pharmaceutical Equivalents

Pharmaceutical Equivalents

As defined by regulatory standards, pharmaceutical equivalents require generic drug products to have identical dosage forms and chemically identical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). They must adhere to compendial or applicable standards for potency, content uniformity, disintegration times, and dissolution rates. In the case of modified-release dosage forms, variations in drug content are permissible as long as the delivered amount remains consistent with the innovator drug product.

Chemical Equations

Chemical Equations

Chemical equations represent the identities and relative quantities of substances involved in a chemical reaction. The substances undergoing reaction are called reactants, and their formulas are placed on the left side of the equation. The substances generated by the reaction are called products, and their formulas are placed on the right side of the equation. Plus signs (+) separate individual reactant and product formulas, and an arrow (→) separates the reactant and product (left and right)...

The Nernst Equation

The Nernst Equation

Nonstandard Reaction Conditions
The interconnection between standard cell potentials and various thermodynamic parameters such as the standard free energy change ΔG° and equilibrium constant K has been previously explored. For example, a redox reaction involving zinc(II) and tin(II) ions at 1 M concentration with Eºcell = +0.291 V and ΔG° = −56.2 kJ is spontaneous.