水保持剤が牛ふん堆肥化プロセスにおける窒素変換に及ぼす影響
Shuai Xu1, Aidi Zhang1, Yalei Wang1
1College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
まとめ
牛ふん堆肥に水保持剤を加えると、アンモニア排出量が効果的に削減される。最適な結果は、アンモニア損失を減らし、硝酸窒素含有量を増やした剤量300 g/m³で達成された。
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 農業科学
- 土壌科学
背景:
- 家畜糞尿の堆肥化はアンモニア揮発を引き起こし、環境汚染の原因となる。
- 窒素変換とアンモニア排出は、糞尿堆肥化の効率と環境影響における重要な要因である。
研究 の 目的:
- 牛ふん堆肥化における窒素変換とアンモニア排出に対する様々な水保持剤用量の影響を調査すること。
- アンモニア揮発を軽減し、窒素を保持するために水保持剤の最適な用量を決定すること。
主な方法:
- 6つの異なる用量(0〜500 g/m³)の水保持剤を用いて、牛ふんのウインドウ堆肥化を実施した。
- 測定には、水分含有量、硝酸窒素、アンモニウム窒素、アンモニア揮発、全窒素損失が含まれた。
- 用量依存的な効果を評価するために統計分析を使用した。
主要な成果:
- 適切な用量(100〜300 g/m³)の水保持剤は、水分を保持し、硝化菌の微小環境を安定させ、アンモニウムから硝酸塩への変換を促進した。
- 最適な用量(300 g/m³)では、対照群と比較して、水分量が16.97%増加し、硝酸窒素が22.03%増加し、アンモニア揮発が15.06%減少し、全窒素損失が10.32%減少した。
- 過剰な用量(400〜500 g/m³)は硝化菌を阻害し、アンモニア揮発と窒素損失の増加につながった。
結論:
- 水保持剤は、牛ふん堆肥化に対して用量依存的な有意な効果を示す。
- 最適な用量300 g/m³は、窒素保持を強化しながら、アンモニア排出と窒素損失を効果的に削減する。
- 本研究は、クリーンな家畜糞尿堆肥化と効率的な窒素管理のための理論的根拠と技術的支援を提供する。
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