ナイルティラピアにおける温度駆動性のTiLV死亡率および環境放出の変化
Jidapa Yamkasem1, Montakarn Sresung1,2, Supitchaya Theplhar1,2
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Journal of fish diseases
|February 3, 2026
まとめ
水温は Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) 感染に大きく影響します。28℃のような最適温度は死亡率を増加させますが、より低いまたはより高い条件は、養殖におけるTiLVの広がりと重症度を低下させます。
科学分野:
- 水生動物の健康
- ウイルス学
- 環境科学
背景:
- 水温は、養殖における疾患動態の重要な要因です。
- Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) は、世界的なティラピア生産にとって新たな脅威です。
- TiLVの病原性および放出における温度の正確な役割は、完全には理解されていません。
研究 の 目的:
- ナイルティラピアにおけるTiLV感染の温度依存的影響を調査すること。
- 異なる温度でのTiLVの病原性、複製、および伝染動態を評価すること。
- TiLVの広がりを理解するための直接および間接同居モデルの有効性を評価すること。
主な方法:
- ナイルティラピアにTiLVを感染させ、3つの管理された水温(24℃、28℃、32℃)で維持しました。
- 直接および間接同居モデルを使用して、疾患伝染シナリオをシミュレートしました。
- 死亡率、水中および粘液中のウイルス量、感染発症を監視しました。
主要な成果:
- 最高死亡率とウイルス量は28℃で観察され、非単調な温度応答を示しました。
- 24℃では感染が遅延し、ウイルス放出が減少し、同居者への影響は最小限でした。
- 間接同居は直接同居と比較して、一貫して伝染と死亡率を低下させました。
- 水中および粘液中のTiLV濃度は、死亡率のピークに先行する早期警告指標として機能しました。
結論:
- 固定水温は、ティラピアの死亡率とTiLV放出動態に大きく影響します。
- 熱レジームの理解は、養殖におけるTiLVアウトブレークの管理に不可欠です。
- 環境モニタリング、特に水温とウイルス量指標は、TiLV制御戦略にとって不可欠です。
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