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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

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甲状腺疾患と女性の不妊症
David Unuane1, Brigitte Velkeniers1, Kris Gustave Poppe2
1Department of Endocrinology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
|February 3, 2026
まとめ
甲状腺疾患は女性の妊よう性と生殖補助医療(ART)の結果に影響を与えます。潜在性甲状腺機能低下症および甲状腺自己免疫疾患の治療に関する現在のエビデンスは議論の的となっており、女性には個別化されたケアが求められます。
科学分野:
- 生殖内分泌学; 免疫学; 内分泌学
背景:
- 甲状腺疾患は生殖年齢の女性に一般的であり、ホルモンおよび免疫経路を介して妊よう性に影響を与える可能性があります。 顕性の甲状腺機能障害は生殖健康に著しく影響を与えますが、潜在性甲状腺機能低下症(SCH)および甲状腺自己免疫疾患(TAI)の役割は議論されています。 レボチロキシン(LT4)はSCHに対して頻繁に使用されており、妊よう性改善を支持するエビデンスは限られているにもかかわらず、TSHレベルが2.5 mIU/Lで開始されることが多いです。
研究 の 目的:
- 甲状腺機能障害およびTAIが女性の妊よう性およびARTの結果に及ぼす影響に関する現在のエビデンスをレビューすること。 関与する根本的なホルモンおよび免疫メカニズムを探求すること。 妊孕性補助療法前の潜在性甲状腺機能低下症(SCH)およびTAIの診断と治療閾値を取り巻く論争を議論すること。
主な方法:
- 甲状腺疾患、女性の妊よう性、および生殖補助医療(ART)に関する既存の文献の系統的レビュー。 甲状腺の状態と生殖の結果を結びつけるホルモンおよび免疫媒介メカニズムの分析。 治療ガイドラインに関する現在の臨床実践と新たなデータの評価。
主要な成果:
- 顕性の甲状腺機能低下症は明らかに生殖生理学を損ないます。 潜在性甲状腺機能低下症および甲状腺自己免疫疾患(TAI)が妊よう性に与える影響は、現在の治療閾値を支持するエビデンスが限られており、依然として議論の的となっています。 甲状腺の状態と自己免疫疾患は、卵巣反応、胚の質、妊娠率を含むARTの結果に影響を与える可能性があります。
結論:
- 生殖年齢の女性における甲状腺機能障害およびTAIの治療決定は、甲状腺機能、抗体状態、および生殖状況を考慮して、個別化されるべきです。 妊孕性補助療法前の診断と治療には、より高いTSHカットオフがますます考慮されています。 SCHおよびTAIが妊よう性およびARTにおいて果たす役割を明確にし、エビデンスに基づいた治療ガイドラインを確立するためには、さらなる研究が必要です。
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