開放バイオマス燃焼からのグローバル水銀排出量:質量収支アプローチによる推定
Yuzhe Shen1, Long Chen1,2, Danyu Wang1
1Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Environmental science & technology
|February 3, 2026
まとめ
開放バイオマス燃焼(OBB)からのグローバル水銀(Hg)排出量を質量収支モデルを用いて再推定しました。この研究は、世界中の植生組織および泥炭地の火災から放出されるHgのより正確な評価を提供します。
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 大気化学
- 生物地球化学
背景:
- 開放バイオマス燃焼(OBB)からの水銀(Hg)排出量は、世界の大気Hg循環の主要な要因です。
- 排出係数(EF)アプローチを使用した以前の推定には、大きな不確実性が含まれていました。
- OBBからのHg発生源の精緻な理解は、正確な世界Hg収支評価に不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- 2010年から2019年の間のOBBからの世界Hg排出量を再推定するための質量収支モデルを開発および適用すること。
- 個々の植生組織からのHg排出量を定量化し、燃焼源(植生、落葉、泥炭地)を区別すること。
- OBBからのHg排出量の空間的、時間的、およびカテゴリー的な変動を分析すること。
主な方法:
- Hg排出量を推定するための質量収支モデルの開発。
- 植生由来の燃焼、落葉の燃焼、および泥炭地の火災からのHg排出量の定量化。
- 地理的地域、バイオーム、植生タイプ、および季節性に基づく排出データの分析。
主要な成果:
- OBBからの世界年次Hg排出量は平均280 Mg yr-1(範囲:93–803 Mg yr-1)でした。
- 主要な寄与は、植生由来の燃焼(129 Mg yr-1)、落葉(81 Mg yr-1)、および泥炭地の火災(70 Mg yr-1)でした。
- 中央アフリカ、インドシナ半島、および亜寒帯アジアで排出ホットスポットが特定され、葉が最大の寄与者(58%)でした。
結論:
- 質量収支モデルは、EFアプローチと比較して、世界的なOBBからのHg排出量について、より正確でニュアンスのある評価を提供します。
- OBBからのHg排出量は、顕著な空間的不均一性と明確な季節パターンを示します。
- これらの排出源の理解は、世界の水銀循環研究と政策立案に不可欠です。
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