ECHOコホートにおける大気汚染曝露と出生体重
Whitney Cowell1, Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu2, Allan C Just3
1Departments of Pediatrics & Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.
JAMA network open
|February 3, 2026
まとめ
妊娠中の微小粒子状物質(PM2.5)への曝露は出生体重の低下と関連しており、妊娠初期から中期にかけて感受性の高い時期があります。これらの影響は、乳児の性別や地理的地域によって異なり、標的を絞った曝露削減戦略の必要性を強調しています。
科学分野:
- 環境保健; 生殖疫学; 周産期研究
背景:
- 先行研究では、妊娠中の微小粒子状物質(PM2.5)曝露と出生体重の低下との間に負の関連があることが示唆されています。妊娠期間全体でPM2.5曝露を平均化すると、発達中の重要な感受期が不明瞭になる可能性があります。
研究 の 目的:
- PM2.5曝露に対する妊娠中の感受性の特定の時期を特定すること。これらの関連が乳児の性別、人種/民族、地理的地域によってどのように異なるかを調査すること。
主な方法:
- prospectivelyに登録された米国コホート(n=16,868組の母子ペア)の後ろ向き分析。PM2.5曝露の毎日の居住地別推定には機械学習モデルを使用し、各妊娠週の週平均値を計算しました。ベイジアン分布ラグ相互作用モデルを使用して、PM2.5と在胎週数調整後出生体重(BWGA)zスコアとの週別関連を評価しました。
主要な成果:
- 全体として、PM2.5曝露の増加は出生体重在胎週数調整後zスコアの低下と関連していました(β=-0.06)。。感受性にとって重要な時期は、特に男性において、妊娠初期(1〜5週)に特定されました。地域差が観察され、北東部、中西部、南部の地域では負の関連と明確な重要な時期が認められました。
結論:
- PM2.5曝露の増加はBWGA zスコアの低下と関連しており、妊娠初期から中期に重要な時期があります。PM2.5に対する感受性は、乳児の性別や地理的地域によって大きく異なります。これらの時期を特定することは、生物学的メカニズムを理解し、有害な出生転帰を軽減するための公衆衛生介入に情報を提供するために不可欠です。
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