心停止(ST上昇なし)における緊急 vs. 遅延冠動脈造影:COACT無作為化試験からの5年転帰
Eva M Spoormans1, Gladys N Janssens1, Nina W van der Hoeven1
1Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|February 4, 2026
まとめ
院外心停止患者の5年生存率は、冠動脈造影が緊急であっても遅延であっても同様であった。本研究では、心停止生存者において両戦略間に有意な転帰の差は見られなかった。
科学分野:
- 循環器病学
- 救急医学
- 臨床試験
背景:
- 院外心停止(OHCA)は、世界的な健康問題として大きな課題となっています。
- 心停止後冠動脈造影(COACT)試験では、ST上昇のないOHCA患者において、緊急 vs. 遅延造影に90日生存率の差がないことが以前に示されました。
- 両戦略を比較した長期生存率データは、これまで不足していました。
研究 の 目的:
- OHCA患者における緊急 vs. 遅延冠動脈造影の5年生存率への影響を評価すること。
- 再還流後、初期ショック可能なリズムでST上昇がない患者の転帰を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 緊急および遅延冠動脈造影を比較した無作為化、オープンラベル、多施設共同試験(COACT)。
- ST上昇のないOHCA患者514名を対象に、電話インタビューにより5年間追跡調査を実施しました。
- 副次評価項目には、心筋梗塞、再血行再建術、心不全入院、除細動器ショックが含まれました。
主要な成果:
- 5年追跡調査時点で、緊急造影群の54.8%、遅延造影群の51.8%が生存していました(ハザード比:0.95;95%信頼区間:0.74-1.23)。
- 探索的解析では、遅延群で90日以降に生存率が向上する可能性が示唆されました(ハザード比:0.56;95%信頼区間:0.32-0.97)が、その有意性は不確かです。
- 心筋梗塞、心不全入院、再血行再建術の発生率は両群間で差がありませんでした。
結論:
- ST上昇のないOHCA患者において、緊急および遅延冠動脈造影戦略の間で5年生存率は同等でした。
- いずれの戦略においても、短期または長期の明確な利益または害は特定されませんでした。
- 探索的解析で観察された後期生存率の向上は注意が必要であり、偶然によるものである可能性があります。
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