緊急部門における患者中心のソーシャルケアアプローチの比較:混合法無作為化比較試験
Rachel Brown1, Jungwon Min2, Joel Fein3
1Clinical Futures and PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Annals of emergency medicine
|February 4, 2026
まとめ
救急部門(ED)でのリソースメニューの提供は、リスクスクリーニングと比較して、患者のソーシャルケアへの欲求を高めました。効果的なソーシャルケア提供のためには、患者の好みを優先する階層型アプローチが推奨されます。
科学分野:
- 健康の社会的決定要因
- 救急医学
- 医療サービス研究
背景:
- 救急部門(ED)は、ソーシャルケアの提供に不可欠である。
- ED設定内でのソーシャルケアの実装に関するガイダンスは限られている。
- 効果的な実装のためには、ソーシャルケアに関する介護者の視点が不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- EDにおける異なるソーシャルケアアプローチを比較する。
- ソーシャルケア提供に関する介護者の視点を理解する。
- リソースの欲求に対する社会的リスクスクリーニングまたはリソースメニューの影響を評価する。
主な方法:
- 混合法無作為化比較試験の二次分析。
- 小児ED患者の社会的リスクスクリーニング、リソースメニュー、および評価なしを比較した。
- 介護者へのインタビューの調査とテーマ別分析を利用した。
主要な成果:
- リソースメニューアームは、スクリーニングアーム(31.7%)よりもリソースへの欲求が高い(39.6%)ことを示した。
- リソースの欲求ドメイン数が増加すると、リソースエンゲージメントが増加した(OR 2.6)。
- 介護者は、状況認識、明確なコミュニケーション、および縦断的フォローアップを維持することを推奨した。
結論:
- EDでのリスクスクリーニングよりも、リソースを直接提供する方が効果的である。
- 患者の好みを優先する階層型ソーシャルケアモデルが支持されている。
- このモデルには、ユニバーサル電子リソース、調整された支援、および欲求に基づくナビゲーションが含まれる。
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