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心臓手術後の網膜微小循環の変化:光干渉断層撮影血管造影を用いた前向き観察研究
Lina Aluzaite-Baranauskiene1, Andrius Pranskunas2, Audrone Veikutiene3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania. lina.aluzaite@stud.lsmu.lt.
まとめ
心肺バイパス(CPB)手術は、黄斑厚および血管密度の低下を含む、顕著な網膜変化を引き起こします。大動脈遮断(ACC)時間を最小限に抑えることは、CPB手術後の眼合併症のリスクを軽減するために重要です。
科学分野:
- 眼科学
- 心臓血管外科学
- 医用画像処理
背景:
- 心肺バイパス(CPB)を利用した心臓手術は、微小循環の変化を引き起こすことが知られています。
- CPBが網膜の構造および血管特性に及ぼす具体的な影響は、依然としてほとんど解明されていません。
- 本研究では、CPB手術後の網膜パラメータの変化を調査します。
研究 の 目的:
- CPB手術が網膜の構造および血管パラメータに及ぼす影響を評価すること。
- CPB後の黄斑網膜厚(RT)、神経節細胞複合体(GCC)、血管密度(VD)、および視神経乳頭周囲網膜神経線維層(RNFL)の変化を評価すること。
- これらの網膜変化とCPB期間および大動脈遮断(ACC)時間との相関を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 選択的CPB手術を受けた44人の患者を対象とした前向き観察臨床試験。
- 術前および術後1週間に、眼科検査(光干渉断層撮影(OCT)およびOCT血管造影(OCTA)を含む)を実施しました。
- 黄斑RT、GCC、VD(表層および深部毛細血管網)、および視神経乳頭周囲RNFLの変化に焦点を当てて分析しました。
主要な成果:
- 中心黄斑のRTおよび表層毛細血管網(SCP)のVDに有意な術後低下が観察されました。
- 視神経乳頭周囲のRNFL厚および黄斑GCC厚のほとんどの領域が増加しました。
- ACC時間と、中心黄斑のRTおよびSCPと深部毛細血管網(DCP)のVDとの間に正の相関が見られました。
結論:
- CPB手術は、黄斑RTおよびSCP VDの低下、および視神経乳頭周囲RNFLおよび黄斑GCC厚の増加を特徴とする、顕著な網膜変化を引き起こします。
- 網膜の変化はACC時間と関連しており、この期間を最小限に抑えることの重要性を強調しています。
- ACC時間を短縮することは、CPB手術後の眼科合併症のリスクを軽減するために不可欠です。
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