汚染土壌における人の健康リスク評価ツールの評価:比較レビュー
Rusalina Lupu1,2, Diana-Mariana Cocarta3,4,5, Iason Verginelli6
1Department of Energy Production and Use, Faculty of Energy Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei No. 313, 006042, Bucharest, Romania.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|February 4, 2026
まとめ
欧州連合の土壌は、産業汚染による広範な劣化に直面しています。この研究では、12の人の健康リスク評価(HHRA)ツールをレビューし、汚染サイト管理における大きなばらつきと調和の必要性を明らかにしています。
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 毒物学
- リスク評価
背景:
- 欧州連合の土壌は、主に過去の産業汚染により、高い劣化率(60〜70%)を示しています。
- 産業汚染物質は、環境と人の健康に持続的なリスクをもたらします。
- 人の健康リスク評価(HHRA)は、汚染サイトのリスクを評価するために1990年代後半に設立されました。
研究 の 目的:
- 世界中の汚染サイトに使用される12の人の健康リスク評価(HHRA)ソフトウェアツールをレビューおよび比較すること。
- 国の立法枠組みと汚染土地管理の意思決定におけるHHRAの役割を分析すること。
- 既存のHHRAツールの共通点、相違点、および改善点を特定すること。
主な方法:
- さまざまな国からの12のHHRAソフトウェアツールの比較分析。
- 汚染サイトとHHRAの実施を規制する国の規制のレビュー。
- ツールの方法論、暴露経路、受容体の考慮事項、汚染物質データベース、および追加機能の評価。
主要な成果:
- レビューされたHHRAツール間で機能に大きな多様性が観察されました。
- 異なる国における汚染サイト管理規制とHHRAツールの取り組みにおける調和の欠如が特定されました。
- 現在のツールは、暴露経路、受容体、汚染物質データベースの考慮において異なります。
結論:
- EUレベルでの汚染サイト管理への調和されたアプローチが喫緊に必要とされています。
- 将来のHHRAツールの開発は、ユーザーフレンドリーさ、拡張された暴露シナリオ、更新された汚染物質リスト(例:PFAS)、不確実性分析、GIS統合、およびAI/ML機能に焦点を当てるべきです。
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