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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Peptide:MHC Tetramer-based Enrichment of Epitope-specific T cells
Published on: October 22, 2012
可溶性抗原アレイは、エピトープ特異的糖尿病原性T細胞の応答を変化させる
Grant M Downes1, Camillo Bechi Genzano2, Colin R Silva3,4
1Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.
Abstract:
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is driven by autoreactive T cells, which destroy insulin-producing β cells. Antigen-specific immunotherapies (ASITs) aim to restore immune tolerance while avoiding the broad immunosuppression of current therapies. Soluble antigen arrays (SAgAs) are multivalent antigen constructs built on a low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HA) backbone, previously validated in preclinical models. Here, we generated SAgAs displaying human T1D autoantigen epitopes, including Insulin B:9-23 (InsB:9-23) and a hybrid insulin peptide (HIP), alongside a hemagglutinin (HAg):306-318 control. We confirmed their structure, valency, and ability to engage human epitope-specific T cell clones. Both InsB:9-23-SAgA and HIP-SAgA demonstrated strong specificity, supporting their utility as T cell probes and potential candidates for ASIT in T1D.
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Factors Affecting Solubility
Solubility Equilibria
The...
Physical Properties Affecting Solubility
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
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T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Solubility
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...

