統合失調症スペクトラム障害患者における神経および血管細胞接着分子と認知機能との関連:縦断的研究
Kristian Varden Gjerde1, Christoffer Bartz-Johannessen2, Else-Marie Løberg3
1NKS Olaviken Gerontopsychiatric Hospital, Erdal, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Mohn Research Center for Psychotic Disorders, Bergen, Norway.
Schizophrenia research
|February 4, 2026
まとめ
N-CADやICAM-1などの細胞接着分子(CAMs)は、統合失調症患者の認知機能と正の相関を示した。JAM-Aレベルは実行機能と負の相関を示し、CAMsが統合失調症の認知に影響を与える可能性が示唆された。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 精神医学
- 免疫学
背景:
- 統合失調症の病因には、内皮細胞の炎症や血液脳関門(BBB)の調節不全が関与している可能性があります。
- 細胞接着分子(CAMs)は、BBBの完全性と炎症の重要なメディエーターです。
- 認知機能障害は統合失調症の中心的特徴であり、しばしば精神症状に先行します。
研究 の 目的:
- 統合失調症スペクトラム障害におけるCAMsタンパク質レベルと神経認知パフォーマンスとの関係を調査すること。
- CAMsの認知機能障害における役割を理解することにより、潜在的な治療標的を探索すること。
- BeSt InTro研究における様々な認知領域に対するCAMsの影響を分析すること。
主な方法:
- 71人の統合失調症患者(入院中および外来患者)を複数の時点で評価しました。
- 神経心理学的検査は、ワーキングメモリ、処理速度、言語能力、実行機能、および全体的な認知機能をカバーしました。
- CAMs(JAM-A、N-CAD、ICAM-1、VCAM-1、MADCAM、P-selectin)を血液サンプルで測定しました。統計モデルでは、交絡因子を調整しました。
主要な成果:
- 神経細胞接着分子(N-CAD)は、全体的な認知機能、ワーキングメモリ、実行機能と正の相関を示しました。
- 細胞間接着分子(ICAM)-1は、全体的な認知機能と正の相関を示しました。
- 接合部接着分子(JAM)-Aは、実行機能と負の相関を示しました。
結論:
- CAMs、特にN-CAD、ICAM-1、JAM-Aは、統合失調症における認知機能と関連しています。
- 仮説とは対照的に、ほとんどのCAMsと認知テストとの関連は肯定的でした。
- 統合失調症における認知に対するCAMsの影響の正確なメカニズムを解明するためには、さらなる研究が必要です。
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