高齢者身体活動介入評価に用いられる方法と測定法:システマティックレビュー
Sarah Cabán1, Carolyn Hinton1, Kirsten Pool1
1ICF Next, ICF International, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA.
Journal of aging and physical activity
|February 4, 2026
まとめ
高齢者の身体活動測定の標準化の欠如は、研究の妨げとなっている。本レビューは、効果的な介入のために、統一された評価方法と信頼性/妥当性報告の必要性を強調している。
科学分野:
- 老年医学
- 運動科学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 高齢者の既存の身体活動ガイドラインは、多様な評価方法のために課題に直面している。
- 高齢者の現在の身体活動介入成果評価を評価するために、二次レビューが実施された。
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢者の現在の身体活動介入成果評価を把握すること。
- 高齢者の身体活動分野における測定の統一のための推奨事項を確立すること。
主な方法:
- PubMed、CINHAL、PsychInfoを用いたシステマティック文献検索が実施された。
- 45件の記事からのデータが分析され、研究デザイン、場所、身体活動の種類、評価方法、信頼性、妥当性に焦点を当てた。
主要な成果:
- ほとんどの研究で自己報告法が採用されたが、高齢者向けに調整されていないことが多かった。デバイス測定アプローチは、カットオフ値が様々で、信頼性と妥当性の報告が頻繁ではなかった。身体活動測定技術には、著しい標準化の欠如が観察された。
結論:
- 高齢者の身体活動評価の現状は標準化が欠如しており、介入効果の評価を妨げている。
- 高齢者の身体活動測定アプローチを統一する必要性が緊急に存在する。
- 将来の研究では、標準化された実践の確立、高齢者向けの測定の適応、デバイスベースの評価のための明確なカットオフポイントの定義に焦点を当てるべきである。
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