機能的半盲におけるレチノトピーの臨床応用
Roberto Mendes Franco1, Otília C d'Almeida2,3, Miguel Raimundo2,3,4
1Neurology Department, Dr. Nélio Mendonça Hospital, Funchal, Portugal.
Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press)
|February 5, 2026
まとめ
機能的半盲の診断は困難な場合がある。機能的磁気共鳴画像法(fMRI)を用いた集団受容野(pRF)マッピングは、視覚機能が温存されていることを示し、臨床評価を支援する。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 眼科学
- 放射線学
背景:
- 機能的視覚損失は、臨床現場において診断上の困難をもたらす。
- 視覚誘発電位(VEP)などの従来の診断方法は、煩雑で結論が出ない場合がある。
- 集団受容野(pRF)マッピングは、fMRI技術であり、主に視覚機能研究のために研究で使用されている。
研究 の 目的:
- 臨床的文脈における機能的半盲の診断におけるpRFマッピングの有用性を調査すること。
- 機能的視覚損失と器質的原因を鑑別する上でのfMRIの役割を評価すること。
主な方法:
- ぼやけた視覚を訴える27歳女性の症例研究。
- コンピュータ化された視野測定、OCT、MRI、EEG、VEPを含む標準的な眼科および神経学的検査。
- 皮質視覚機能評価のためにpRFマッピングを用いた機能的磁気共鳴画像法(fMRI)を実施した。
主要な成果:
- 臨床検査では、視界反応の一貫性のなさが明らかになった。コンピュータ化された視野測定では、左同名半盲が示されたが、MRI、EEG、VEPは正常であった。fMRI pRFマッピングでは、両半球間で対称的なマップが示され、視覚機能が温存されていることが示唆された。フォローアップOCTでは変性の兆候は見られず、機能的診断を支持した。
- Clinical examination revealed inconsistent visual field responses. Computerized perimetry indicated a left homonymous hemianopia; however, MRI, EEG, and VEP were normal. fMRI pRF mapping demonstrated symmetrical maps between hemispheres, suggesting preserved visual function. Follow-up OCT showed no signs of degeneration, supporting a functional diagnosis.
結論:
- 集団受容野(pRF)マッピングは、機能的視覚損失の臨床診断において有用なツールとなり得る。
- fMRIは、困難な症例における視覚路の評価のための補助的な方法を提供する可能性がある。
- この技術は、臨床医が正確な診断と患者への安心感を提供するのに役立つ可能性がある。
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