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関連する概念動画

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity01:17

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity

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In 1905, Albert Einstein published his special theory of relativity. According to this theory, no matter in the universe can attain a speed greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which thus serves as the speed limit of the universe.
This has been verified in many experiments. However, space and time are no longer absolute. Two observers moving relative to one another do not agree on the length of objects or the passage of time. The mechanics of objects based on Newton's laws of...
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Space Trusses01:25

Space Trusses

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A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
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State Space Representation01:27

State Space Representation

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The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
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Space Trusses: Problem Solving01:29

Space Trusses: Problem Solving

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A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. Due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads, the space truss is widely used in various construction projects.
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
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Transfer Function to State Space01:23

Transfer Function to State Space

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State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
In an RLC...
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State Space to Transfer Function01:21

State Space to Transfer Function

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The conversion of state-space representation to a transfer function is a fundamental process in system analysis. It provides a method for transitioning from a time-domain description to a frequency-domain representation, which is crucial for simplifying the analysis and design of control systems.
The transformation process begins with the state-space representation, characterized by the state equation and the output equation. These equations are typically represented as:
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Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
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Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

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時間的および空間的なニューラプラキシア

Gavin A Davis1,2, Amgad S Hanna3,4, R Shane Tubbs5,6,7,8,9

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Neurosurgery
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

ニューラプラキシアは、軸索損傷ではなく、局所的な脱髄を特徴とする一過性の末梢神経麻痺である。回復は軸索再生に先行して数週間以内に起こり、その時間的および空間的特性を定義する。

キーワード:
歴史神経解剖学神経損傷神経病理学ニューラプラキシア分類

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An Automated Method to Determine the Performance of Drosophila in Response to Temperature Changes in Space and Time
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Real-time Iontophoresis with Tetramethylammonium to Quantify Volume Fraction and Tortuosity of Brain Extracellular Space
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科学分野:

  • 神経学; 神経外科学; 末梢神経損傷

背景:

  • 1941年に導入されたニューラプラキシアという用語は、一過性の末梢神経機能不全を記述する。しばしば誤用されており、軸索融解および神経融解との区別を明確にする必要がある。ニューラプラキシアを理解するには、その時間的および空間的側面を調べる必要がある。

研究 の 目的:

  • 損傷と回復の時間経過を調べることによってニューラプラキシアを定義すること。ニューラプラキシア損傷の微細構造と解剖学的な位置を明らかにすること。ニューラプラキシアの包括的な時間的および空間的な定義を確立すること。

主な方法:

  • ニューラプラキシアという用語の歴史的レビュー。ニューラプラキシア損傷および回復の時間経過の分析。ニューラプラキシア損傷の微細構造の組織病理学的検査。末梢神経系内のニューラプラキシア損傷位置の空間分析。

主要な成果:

  • ニューラプラキシアは、軸索再生前に数週間以内に回復する一過性の麻痺によって時間的に定義される。空間的には、心膜とシュワン細胞を有する神経における局所的な脱髄が関与する。ニューラプラキシアは、細胞および構造の違いから、脳神経および脊髄神経根を除く、脊髄よりも末梢の末梢神経に適用される。

結論:

  • ニューラプラキシアは、一過性の機能不全と局所的な脱髄を特徴とする、明確な末梢神経損傷である。その定義は、時間的（急速な回復）および空間的（特定の神経構造）の両方である。ニューラプラキシアという用語の正確な適用には、その正確な病理学的および解剖学的範囲を理解する必要がある。