CNNからトランスフォーマー、マルチモーダル融合への物体検出の進化
Zeran Wang1, Yuan Chen2, Yuhao Gu3
1School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Scientific reports
|February 5, 2026
まとめ
このサーベイでは、物体検出のための畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)とトランスフォーマーベースの手法を比較します。それぞれの強みを強調し、マルチモーダル融合を分析し、スケール変動やドメイン適応などの課題について論じます。
科学分野:
- コンピュータビジョン
- 機械学習
背景:
- 物体検出は、画像コンテンツのローカライズと分類にとって重要です。
- 現代の手法は主に畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)とトランスフォーマーアーキテクチャを使用しています。
- それらの比較上の強みを理解することは、この分野を進歩させる鍵となります。
研究 の 目的:
- 現代の物体検出手法に関する包括的なサーベイを提供すること。
- CNNベースとトランスフォーマーベースのパラダイムを比較し、それぞれのトレードオフを詳述すること。
- マルチモーダル融合技術を分析し、将来の研究の方向性を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 物体検出のためのCNNとトランスフォーマーの構造化された比較。
- RGB、LiDAR、言語埋め込みを統合するマルチモーダル融合の分析。
- 多様なデータセットにわたる最近のベンチマーク(2024-2025)の合成。
主要な成果:
- CNNは局所特徴抽出と効率性に優れています。トランスフォーマーは自己注意機構によりグローバルコンテキストに優れています。
- リアルタイム検出トランスフォーマー(RT-DETR)は53.1%のmAPを達成しました。YOLOv8は50.2%のmAPを達成しました。
- リアルタイム検出器は100 FPSを超え、赤外線手法はNUAA-SIRSTで92.45%のF値測定基準に達しました。
結論:
- スケール変動、オクルージョン、ドメイン適応において、依然として重大な課題が存在します。
- マルチモーダル融合は、物体検出の改善のための有望な道を提供します。
- このサーベイは、物体検出の研究者や実務家にとって構造化された参照を提供します。
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