がん腫瘍学におけるアドバンス・ケア・プランニングの理解:障壁、認識、患者中心の意思決定への道筋
Fulvio Bergamo Trevizan1, Carlos Eduardo Paiva1,2,3, Livia Costa de Oliveira1,4
1Research Group on Palliative Care and Health-Related Quality of Life (GPQual), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos (SP), Brazil.
Palliative & supportive care
|February 6, 2026
まとめ
がん患者はアドバンス・ケア・プランニング(ACP)を誤解していることが多く、文化的タブーや明確な情報の欠如といった障壁に直面している。効果的な実施のためには、教育の改善と制度的支援が必要である。
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 生命倫理学
- ヘルスコミュニケーション
背景:
- アドバンス・ケア・プランニング(ACP)は、患者中心の終末期ケアにとって重要である。
- 効果的な実装のためには、ACPに関する患者の視点の理解が不可欠である。
- 中所得のラテンアメリカの文脈におけるACPに関する研究は限られている。
研究 の 目的:
- がん患者のアドバンス・ケア・プランニング(ACP)の理解を調査する。
- 効果的なACPの実践への実装における障壁を特定する。
主な方法:
- 乳がんのブラジル人女性61人を対象とした質的記述的研究。
- 人口統計学的質問票と情報提供パンフレット後のフォローアップインタビューを通じてデータを収集した。
- インタビューは、質的研究報告ガイドラインを使用して分析した。
主要な成果:
- 参加者のほとんどがACPの定義に苦労し、約40%が定義できなかった。
- 特定された主な障壁:死についての議論に対する文化的な抵抗、意思決定における家族/医師への依存、情報のギャップ。
- 多層モデルは、文化的タブー、家族への依存、制度的な慣性がACPをどのように妨げているかを明らかにした。
結論:
- 誤解と制度的な障壁が、日常の腫瘍学ケアにおけるACPを妨げている。
- 概念的枠組みは、ACPの周縁化を説明している。
- 介入は、患者教育、専門家のコミュニケーション、および制度的支援に焦点を当てるべきである。
関連する概念動画
Patient-centered Care
3.1K
Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
3.1K
Planning Nursing Care I
5.9K
The planning phase of the nursing process helps nurses set priorities, outline patient-centered goals and expected outcomes, and tailor nursing interventions to align with the aligned care plan. Through the planning phase, the nurse applies critical thinking skills to align and develop interventions according to the patient's needs. It provides continuity of care allowing patients to receive the maximum benefit from treatment. It serves as a pilot plan for allocating individual staff to a...
5.9K
Planning Nursing Care II
3.8K
A nursing care plan can present in two forms: informal and formal. Informal is a care plan for the individual use of the nurse and goals they wish to accomplish during their shift. Informal care plans are not included in the patient chart. A formal nursing care plan is a written or computerized guide that organizes patient care. It is further subdivided into two: standardized and individualized care plans. Standardized care plans are pre-populated care plans for specific patient populations,...
3.8K
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-I
1.4K
Specialized care settings or centers are situated in convenient locations within the community and offer care to a specific group or population. They consist of daycare facilities, mental health facilities, rural health facilities, educational institutions, industries, shelters for the homeless, and rehabilitation facilities.
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...
1.4K
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
1.3K
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
1.3K
Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching II: Planning and Implementation
2.1K
Planning for learning involves the development of a teaching plan. Teaching plans are similar to nursing care plans—both follow the steps of the nursing process. Planning in the teaching process involves setting goals and outcomes. Here, goals identify what a patient needs to achieve to understand a healthcare topic better, whereas the outcomes are the action to be performed by the patient to achieve the goal within a timeframe. For example, if the goal is to educate the patient about...
2.1K


