関連する実験動画

Updated: May 11, 2026

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity

Published on: January 10, 2013

ライム神経ボレリア症の症例：眼筋麻痺、構音障害、痙性四肢麻痺を呈する

Maria Sklirou¹, Mohammad Aboulwafaali², Anusha Karunasagar³

¹Integrative Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, GBR.

|February 6, 2026

Abstract:

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) represents the neurological manifestation of Lyme disease and is the most common form of disseminated Lyme infection in Europe. Central nervous system involvement in LNB includes cranial neuritis, meningitis, radiculoneuritis, encephalitis, and encephalomyelitis with quadriparesis. We report a patient presenting with complex ophthalmoplegia, speech impairment, and spastic quadriparesis. The neurological weakness initially followed an ascending pattern suggestive of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, and serum testing showed positivity for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to Borrelia P39 and variable major protein-like sequence expressed (VlsE) antigens. IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) immunoblots were also positive. The patient was initially treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for presumed GBS and subsequently received antibiotics following CSF findings indicative of central nervous system infection, with subsequent neurological improvement. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of LNB and underscores the importance of thorough evaluation of clinical history, neurological examination, and laboratory investigations to achieve diagnostic accuracy.

キーワード:

髄液リンパ球増多症ギラン・バレー症候群（GBS）静注用免疫グロブリン（IVIG）ライム神経ボレリア症痙性四肢麻痺

さらに関連する動画

Detecting the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borrelia Burgdorferi, in Ticks Using Nested PCR

Detecting the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borrelia Burgdorferi, in Ticks Using Nested PCR

Published on: February 4, 2018

Phage-Mediated Genetic Manipulation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi

Phage-Mediated Genetic Manipulation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi

Published on: September 28, 2022

関連する概念動画

Viral Meningitis

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...