インド北東部メガラヤ州におけるがん予防プログラム実施の障壁:事例研究
Fellicita Pohsnem1, Melari Shisha Nongrum1, Rajiv Sarkar1
1Indian Institute for Public Health Shillong, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
The Indian journal of medical research
|February 6, 2026
まとめ
メガラヤ州のがん予防活動は、不十分なリソースやコミュニケーションギャップなどの重大な障壁に直面している。これらの問題に対処することは、NPCDCSにおけるがん管理の改善に不可欠である。
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生;腫瘍学;医療サービス研究
- Public Health; Oncology; Health Services Research
背景:
- インドは相当ながんの負担に直面しており、北東部地域で最も罹患率が高い。がん、糖尿病、心血管疾患、脳卒中の予防と管理のための国家プログラム(NPCDCS)は2010年に開始されたが、メガラヤ州では実施が遅れた。
- India faces a substantial cancer burden, with the highest incidence in the northeastern region. The National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) was launched in 2010 but faced delayed implementation in Meghalaya.
研究 の 目的:
- メガラヤ州におけるがん予防実施の促進要因と障壁を調査すること。この地域におけるNPCDCSフレームワークの有効性を分析すること。
- To examine the facilitators and barriers to cancer prevention implementation in Meghalaya. To analyze the effectiveness of the NPCDCS framework in the region.
主な方法:
- 56人の医療専門家と前線医療従事者を対象とした質的研究。20回の詳細なインタビューと4回のフォーカスグループディスカッションによるデータ収集。ハイブリッドコーディング戦略とNVivo-12ソフトウェアを使用した分析。
- A qualitative study involving 56 healthcare professionals and frontline health workers. Data collection through 20 in-depth interviews and 4 focus group discussions. Analysis using a hybrid coding strategy and NVivo-12 software.
主要な成果:
- 高血圧と糖尿病は、がん予防活動よりも優先された。障壁には、不十分なIEC資料、スクリーニング用品(酢酸)の不足、プライバシーの問題が含まれた。コミュニケーションのギャップ、不十分なトレーニング、地域社会の認識の低さ、伝統的な治療師への選好が特定された。
- Hypertension and diabetes received priority over cancer prevention activities. Barriers included insufficient IEC materials, lack of screening supplies (acetic acid), and privacy concerns. Communication gaps, inadequate training, low community awareness, and preference for traditional healers were identified.
結論:
- メガラヤ州の高いがん罹患率は、がん予防戦略の緊急の改善を必要とする。特定された障壁に対処することは、NPCDCSの効果的な実施とがん管理にとってcriticalである。
- Meghalaya's high cancer incidence necessitates urgent improvements in cancer prevention strategies. Addressing identified barriers is critical for efficient NPCDCS implementation and cancer control.
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