潰瘍性大腸炎成人における疾患経過を通じた栄養要求量:系統的スコーピングレビュー
Samantha Plush1,2,3, Robert V Bryant1,2,3, Rachel H Davis1,2,3
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, Australia.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
|February 6, 2026
まとめ
潰瘍性大腸炎(UC)の栄養ニーズ、特に寛解期または軽度から中等度の疾患中は不明瞭である。現在のエビデンスでは、急性重症UCでのみタンパク質ニーズが高いことが示唆されているが、UC患者についてはさらなる研究が必要である。
科学分野:
- 消化器病学と臨床栄養学
背景:
- 潰瘍性大腸炎(UC)は、大腸の慢性炎症性疾患である。
- UCの栄養要求量は、クローン病(CD)のデータから推測されることが多い。
- UCとCDの間の明確な生理学的違いは、独自の栄養推奨を必要とする可能性がある。
研究 の 目的:
- UC成人患者の栄養要求量を評価するスコーピングレビューを実施すること。
- 疾患活動性別に層別化された栄養ニーズを特定すること。
主な方法:
- スコーピングレビューのために系統的な検索戦略を採用し、2025年6月までのデータを抽出した。
- 617人の成人を対象とした21の研究が含まれた。
- 安静時エネルギー消費量(mREE)は、間接熱量測定法を用いて測定した。
主要な成果:
- mREEは疾患活動性によって異なり、寛解期UC(脂肪フリー体重あたり28.9–31.5 kcal/日)、軽度から中等度のUC(同26.4 kcal/日)、急性重症UC(ASUC)(同23.9 kcal/日)であった。
- 過去のデータでは、ASUCにおけるタンパク質要求量は1.2–1.4 g/kg/日であることが示唆されている。
- 寛解期または軽度から中等度のUCのタンパク質要求量、および疾患状態全体を通じた微量栄養素のニーズは、大部分が未決定のままである。
結論:
- 現在のエビデンスでは、UC患者のマクロおよび微量栄養素の要求量を断定するには不十分である。
- 古い研究に基づき、ASUCではタンパク質摂取量の増加が示唆されている。
- エビデンスに基づいたUCの栄養ガイドラインのためには、疾患活動性別に層別化された、さらに質の高い研究が不可欠である。
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